CHAPTER I

CONTENT AND PRESENTATION OF THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Article 1

General information section

The section in the key information document that relates to the identity of the PRIIP manufacturer and its competent authority shall contain all of the following information:

Information in the section referred to in the first subparagraph shall also include the comprehension alert referred to in Article 8(3)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 where the PRIIP meets one of the following conditions:

Article 2

‘What is this product?’ section

1.Information relating to the type of the PRIIP in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall describe its legal form.

2.Information stating the objectives of the PRIIP and the means for achieving those objectives in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall be summarised in a brief, clear and easily understandable manner. That information shall identify the main factors upon which return depends, the underlying investment assets or reference values, and how the return is determined, as well as the relationship between the PRIIP's return and that of the underlying investment assets or reference values. That information shall reflect the relationship between the recommended holding period and the risk and reward profile of the PRIIP.

Where the number of assets or reference values referred to in the first subparagraph is such that specific references to all of them cannot be provided within a key information document, only the market segments or instrument types in respect of the underlying investment assets or reference values shall be identified.

3.The description of the type of retail investor to whom the PRIIP is intended to be marketed in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall include information on the target retail investors identified by the PRIIP manufacturer, in particular depending on the needs, characteristics and objectives of the type of client for whom the PRIIPs is compatible. This determination shall be based upon the ability of retail investors to bear investment loss and their investment horizon preferences, their theoretical knowledge of, and past experience with PRIIPs, the financial markets as well as the needs, characteristics and objectives of potential end clients.

4.The details of insurance benefits in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall include in a general summary, namely, the key features of the insurance contract, a definition of each benefit included, with an explanatory statement indicating that the value of those benefits is shown in the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what I could get in return’ and information which reflects the typical biometric characteristics of the target retail investors, showing the overall premium, the biometric risk premium that forms part of that overall premium and either the impact of the biometric risk premium on the investment return at the end of the recommended holding period or the impact of the cost part of the biometric risk premium taken into account in the recurring costs of the ‘Costs over the time table’ calculated in accordance with Annex VII. Where the premium is paid in the form of a single lump sum, the details shall include the amount invested. Where the premium is paid periodically, the number of periodic payments, an estimation of the average biometric risk premium as a percentage of the annual premium, and an estimation of the average amount invested shall be included in the information.

The details referred to in the first subparagraph shall also include an explanation of the impact of the insurance premium payments, equivalent to the estimated value of insurance benefits, on the returns of the investment for the retail investor.

5.The information relating to the term of the PRIIP in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall include all of the following:

1. the maturity date of the PRIIP or an indication that there is no maturity date;
2. an indication of whether the PRIIP manufacturer is entitled to terminate the PRIIP unilaterally;
3. a description of the circumstances under which the PRIIP can be automatically terminated, and the termination dates, if known.

Article 3

‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ section

1.In the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ of the key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall apply the methodology for the presentation of risk as set out in Annex II, include the technical aspects for the presentation of the summary risk indicator as set out in Annex III and comply with the technical guidance, the formats and the methodology for the presentation of performance scenarios, as set out in Annexes IV and V.

2.In the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ of the key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall include the following:

1. the level of risk of the PRIIP in the form of a risk class by using a summary risk indicator having a numerical scale from 1 to 7;
2. an explicit reference to any illiquid PRIIP or PRIIP with materially relevant liquidity risk, as defined in Part 4 of Annex II, in the form of a warning to this effect in the presentation of the summary risk indicator;
3. a narrative below the summary risk indicator explaining that if a PRIIP is denominated in a currency other than the official currency of the Member State where the PRIIP is being marketed, the return, when expressed in the official currency of the Member State where the PRIIP is being marketed, may change depending on currency fluctuations;
4. a brief description of the PRIIP's risk and reward profile and a warning to the effect that the risk of the PRIIP may be significantly higher than the one represented in the summary risk indicator where the PRIIP is not held to maturity or for the recommended holding period, where appropriate;
5. for PRIIPs with contractually agreed-upon early exit penalties or long disinvestment notice periods, a reference to the relevant underlying conditions in the section ‘How long should I hold it and can I take money out early?’;
6. an indication of the possible maximum loss, and information that the investment may be lost if it is not protected or where the PRIIP manufacturer is unable to pay out, or that necessary additional investment payments to the initial investment may be required and that the total loss may significantly exceed the total initial investment.

3.PRIIP manufacturers shall include four appropriate performance scenarios, as set out in Annex V in the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ of the key information document. Those four performance scenarios shall represent a stress scenario, an unfavourable scenario, a moderate scenario and a favourable scenario.

4.For insurance-based investment products, an additional performance scenario shall be included in the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ of the key information document reflecting the insurance benefit the beneficiary receives where a covered insured event occurs.

5.For PRIIPs that are futures, call options and put options traded on a regulated market or on a third-country market considered to be equivalent to a regulated market in accordance with Article 28 of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council, performance scenarios shall be included in the form of pay-off structure graphs as set out in Annex V in the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ of the key information document.

Article 4

‘What happens if [the name of the PRIIP manufacturer] is unable to pay out?’ section

PRIIP manufacturers shall include the following in the section entitled ‘What happens if [the name of the PRIIP manufacturer] is unable to pay out?’ of the key information document:

Article 5

‘What are the costs?’ section

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall apply the following in the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’ of the key information document:

1. the methodology for the calculation of costs set out in Annex VI;
2. the ‘Costs over time’ and ‘Composition of costs’ tables to information on costs, as set out in Annex VII in accordance with the relevant technical guidance therein.

2.In the ‘Costs over time’ table in the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’ of the key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the summary cost indicator of the total aggregated costs of the PRIIP as a single number in monetary and percentage terms for the different time periods set out in Annex VI.

3.In the ‘Composition of costs’ table in the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’ of the key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the following:

1. any one-off costs, as entry and exit costs, presented in percentage terms;
2. any recurring costs, as portfolio transaction costs per year, and other recurring costs per year, presented in percentage terms;
3. any incidental costs, such as performance fees or carried interest, presented in percentage terms.

4.PRIIP manufacturers shall insert a description of each of the different costs included in the ‘Composition of costs’ table in the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’ of the key information document, specifying where and how such costs may differ from the actual costs the retail investor may incur or may depend on the retail investor choosing to exercise or not exercise certain options.

Article 6

‘How long should I hold it and can I take my money out early?’ section

PRIIP manufacturers shall include the following in the section entitled ‘How long should I hold it and can I take my money out early?’ of the key information document:

Article 7

‘How can I complain?’ section

PRIIP manufacturers shall provide the following information in the section entitled ‘How can I complain?’ of the key information document, in summary format:

Article 8

‘Other relevant information’ section

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall indicate in the section entitled ‘Other relevant information’ of the key information document any additional information documents that may be provided, and whether such additional information documents are made available based on a legal requirement or only at the request of the retail investor.

2.The information included in the section entitled ‘Other relevant information’ of the key information document may be provided in summary format, including a link to the website where further details other than the documents referred to in paragraph 1 are made available.

Article 9

Template

PRIIP manufacturers shall present the key information document by means of the template laid down in Annex I. The template shall be completed in accordance with the requirements set out in this Delegated Regulation and in Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014.

CHAPTER II

SPECIFIC PROVISIONS ON THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Article 10

PRIIPs offering a range of options for investment

Where a PRIIP offers a range of underlying investment options, and the information regarding those underlying investment options cannot be provided within a single, concise, stand-alone key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall produce one of the following:

Article 11

‘What is this product’ section in the generic key information document

In the section entitled ‘What is this product’ by way of derogation from paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 2, PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the following:

Article 12

‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ section in the generic key information document

1.In the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’, by way of derogation from paragraphs 2(a) and 3 of Article 3, PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the following:

1. the range of risk classes of all underlying investment options offered within the PRIIP by using a summary risk indicator having a numerical scale from 1 to 7, as set out in Annex III,
2. a statement indicating that the risk and return of the investment varies on the basis of the underlying investment option;
3. a brief description on how the performance of the PRIIP as a whole depends on the underlying investment options;
4. an indication where the specific information on each underlying investment option is to be found.

2.Where PRIIP manufacturers use the key investor information document in accordance with Article 14(2), for the purposes of specifying the risk classes referred to in point (a) of paragraph 1, they shall use the synthetic risk and reward indicator pursuant to Article 8 of Regulation (EU) No 583/2010 in relation to UCITS or non-UCITS funds as underlying investment options.

Article 13

‘What are the costs?’ section in the generic key information document

1.In the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’, by way of derogation from Article 5(1)(b), PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the following:

1. the range of costs for the PRIIP in the ‘Costs over time’ and ‘Composition of costs’ tables set out in Annex VII,
2. a statement indicating that the costs to the retail investor vary on the basis of the underlying investment option;
3. an indication where the specific information on each underlying investment option is to be found.

2.Notwithstanding the requirements laid down in Article 5(1)(a), and by way of derogation from points 12 to 20 of Annex VI, where PRIIP manufacturers use the key investor information document in accordance with Article 14(2), they may apply the methodology set out in point 21 of Annex VI to existing UCITS or non-UCITS funds.

3.Where PRIIP manufacturers use the key investor information document in accordance with Article 14(2) with UCITS or non-UCITS funds as the only underlying investment options, by way of derogation from Article 5, they may specify the range of charges for the PRIIP in accordance with Article 10 of Regulation (EU) No 583/2010.

Article 14

Specific information on each underlying investment option

1.In relation to the specific information referred to in Articles 11, 12 and 13, PRIIP manufacturers shall include for each underlying investment option — all of the following:

1. a comprehension alert, where relevant;
2. the investment objectives, the means for achieving them, and the intended target market in accordance with paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 2;
3. a summary risk indicator and narrative, and performance scenarios in accordance with Article 3;
4. a presentation of the costs in accordance with Article 5.

2.By way of derogation from paragraph 1, PRIIP manufacturers may use the key investor information document drawn up in accordance with Articles 78 to 81 of Directive 2009/65/EC to provide specific information for the purposes of Articles 11 to 13 of this Delegated Regulation where at least one of the underlying investment option referred to in paragraph 1 is a UCITS or non-UCITS fund referred to in Article 32 of Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014.

CHAPTER III

REVIEW AND REVISION OF THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Article 15

Review

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall review the information contained in the key information document every time there is a change that significantly affects or is likely to significantly affect the information contained in the key information document and, at least, every 12 months following the date of the initial publication of the key information document.

2.The review referred to in paragraph 1 shall verify whether the information contained in the key information document remains accurate, fair, clear, and non-misleading. In particular, it shall verify the following:

1. whether the information contained in the key information document is compliant with the general form and content requirements under Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014, or with the specific form and content requirements laid down in this Delegated Regulation;
2. whether the PRIIP's market risk or credit risk measures have changed, where such a change has the combined effect that necessitates the PRIIP's move to a different class of the summary risk indicator from that attributed in the key information document subject to review;
3. whether the mean return for the PRIIP's moderate performance scenario, expressed as an annualised percentage return, has changed by more than five percentage points.

3.For the purposes of paragraph 1, PRIIP manufacturers shall establish and maintain adequate processes throughout the life of the PRIIP where it remains available to retail investors to identify without undue delay any circumstances which might result in a change that affects or is likely to affect the accuracy, fairness or clarity of the information contained in the key information document.

Article 16

Revision

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall without undue delay revise the key information document where a review pursuant to Article 15 concludes that changes to the key information document need to be made.

2.PRIIP manufacturers shall ensure that all sections of the key information document affected by such changes are updated.

3.The PRIIP manufacturer shall publish the revised key information document on its website.

CHAPTER IV

DELIVERY OF THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Article 17

Conditions on good time

1.The person advising on or selling a PRIIP shall provide the key information document sufficiently early so as to allow retail investors enough time to consider the document before being bound by any contract or offer relating to that PRIIP, regardless of whether or not the retail investor is provided with a cooling off period.

2.For the purposes of paragraph 1, the person advising on or selling a PRIIP shall assess the time needed by each retail investor to consider the key information document, taking into account the following:

1. the knowledge and experience of the retail investor with the PRIIP or with PRIIPs of a similar nature or with risks similar to those arising from the PRIIP;
2. the complexity of the PRIIP;
3. where the advice or sale is at the initiative of the retail investor, the urgency explicitly expressed by the retail investor of concluding the proposed contract or offer.

Article 18

Final Provision

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

It shall apply from 1 January 2018.

Article 14(2) shall apply until 31 December 2021.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

ANNEX I

TEMPLATE FOR THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

PRIIP manufacturers shall comply with the section order and titles set out in the template, which however does not fix parameters regarding the length of individual sections and the placing of page breaks, and is subject to an overall maximum of three sides of A4-sized paper when printed.

ANNEX II

METHODOLOGY FOR THE PRESENTATION OF RISK

PART 1

Market risk assessment

Determination of the market risk measure (MRM)

1.Market risk is measured by the annualised volatility corresponding to the value-at-risk (VaR) at a confidence level of 97,5 % over the recommended holding period, unless stated otherwise. The VaR is the percentage of the amount invested, that is returned to the retail investor.

2.The PRIIP shall be assigned a MRM class according to the following table:

Specification of PRIIP categories for the purposes of the market risk assessment

3.For the purposes of determining market risk, PRIIPs are divided into four categories.

4.Category 1 covers the following:

5.Category 2 covers PRIIPs which, either directly or on a synthetic basis, offer non-leveraged exposure to the prices of underlying investments, or a leveraged exposure on underlying investments that pays a constant multiple of the prices of those underlying investments, where at least 2 years of historical daily prices, or 4 years of historical weekly prices, or 5 years of monthly prices are available for the PRIIP, or where existing appropriate benchmarks or proxies are available, provided that such benchmarks or proxies fulfil the same criteria for the length and frequency of the price history.

6.Category 3 covers PRIIPs whose values reflect the prices of underlying investments, but not as a constant multiple of the prices of those underlying investments, where at least 2 years of daily prices of the underlying assets, 4 years of weekly prices or 5 years of monthly prices, or where existing appropriate benchmarks or proxies are available, provided that such benchmarks or proxies fulfil the same criteria for the length and frequency of the price history.

7.Category 4 covers PRIIPs whose values depend in part on factors not observed in the market, including insurance-based PRIIPs which distribute a portion of the PRIIP manufacturer's profits to retail investors.

Use of appropriate benchmarks or proxies to specify PRIIPs categories

Where appropriate benchmarks or proxies are used by a PRIIP manufacturer, those benchmarks or proxies shall be representative of the assets or exposures that determine the performance of the PRIIP. The PRIIP manufacturer shall document the use of such benchmarks or proxies.

MRM class determination for Category 1 PRIIPs

8.The MRM class for Category 1 PRIIPs shall be 7, with the exception of PRIIPs referred to in point 4(c) of this Annex, where the MRM class shall be 6.

MRM class determination for Category 2 PRIIPs

9.The VaR shall be calculated from the moments of the observed distribution of returns of the PRIIP's or its benchmark or proxy's price during the past 5 years. The minimum frequency of observations is monthly. Where prices are available on a daily basis, the frequency shall be daily. Where prices are available on a weekly basis, the frequency shall be weekly. Where prices are available on a bi-monthly basis, the frequency shall be bi-monthly.

10.Where data on daily prices covering a period of 5 years are not available, a shorter period may be used. For daily observations of a PRIIP's or its benchmark or proxy's price, there shall be at least 2 years of observed returns. For weekly observations of a PRIIP's price, there shall be at least 4 years of observed data. For monthly observations of a PRIIP's price, there shall be observed data covering a period of at least 5 years.

11.The return over each period is defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of the price at the market close at the end of the current period to the market close at the end of the preceding period.

12.The VaR measure in return space is given by the Cornish-Fisher expansion, as follows:

where N is the number of trading periods in the recommended holding period; and σ, μ1, μ2 are respectively the volatility, skew and excess kurtosis measured from the return distribution. The volatility, skew and excess kurtosis are calculated from the measured moments of the distribution of returns in accordance with the following:

• the zero moment, M0 , is the count of the number of observations in the period as under point 10 of this Annex
• the first moment, M1 , is the mean of all the observed returns in the sample
• the second M2 , third M3 and fourth M4 moments are defined in the standard manner:
• ,
• ,
• ,

where ri is the return measured on the ith period in the history of returns.

• the volatility, σ, is given by .
• the skew, μ1, is equal to M3/σ3.
• the excess kurtosis, μ2, is equal to M4/σ4 – 3.

13.The VEV is given by:

where T is the length of the recommended holding period in years.

14.For PRIIPs that are managed according to investment policies or strategies that pursue certain reward objectives by participating through flexible investment in different financial asset classes (e.g. in both equity and fixed-income markets), the VEV that shall be used shall be determined as follows:

15.The PRIIP shall be assigned to a MRM class as laid down under point 2 of this Annex depending on the VEV. In the case of a PRIIP having only monthly price data, the MRM class assigned under point 2 of this Annex shall be increased by one additional class.

MRM class determination for Category 3 PRIIPs

16.The VaR in price space shall be calculated from a distribution of PRIIP values at the end of the recommended holding period. The distribution shall be obtained by simulating the price or prices, which determine the value of the PRIIP, at the end of the recommended holding period. The VaR shall be the value of the PRIIP at a confidence level of 97,5 % at the end of the recommended holding period discounted to the present date using the expected risk-free discount factor from the present date to the end of the recommended holding period.

17.The VEV is given by:

where T is the length of the recommended holding period in years. Only in cases where the product is called or cancelled before the end of the recommended holding period according to the simulation, the period in years until the call or cancellation is used in the calculation.

18.The PRIIP shall be assigned to a MRM class as laid down in point 2 of this Annex, depending on the VEV. In the case of a PRIIP having only monthly price data, the MRM class assigned under point 2 of this Annex shall be increased by one additional class.

19.The minimum number of simulations is 10 000.

20.The simulation is based on bootstrapping the expected distribution of prices or price levels for the PRIIP's underlying contracts from the observed distribution of returns for these contracts with replacement.

21.For the purposes of the simulation referred to in points 16 to 20 of this Annex, there are two types of market observables that may contribute to a PRIIP's value: spot prices (or price levels) and curves.

22.For each simulation of a spot price (or level), the PRIIP manufacturer shall:

1. calculate the return for each observed period in the past 5 years, or the years referred to in point 6 of this Annex, by taking the logarithm of the price at the end of each period divided by the price at the end of the previous period;
    
2. randomly select one observed period which corresponds to the return for all underlying contracts for each simulated period in the recommended holding period (the same observed period may be used more than once in the same simulation);
3. calculate the return for each contract by summing the returns from the selected periods and correcting this return to ensure that the expected return measured from the simulated distribution of returns is the risk-neutral expectation of the return over the recommended holding period. The final value of the return is given by:

Where:

• the second term corrects for the impact of the mean of the observed returns;
• the third term corrects for the impact of the variance of the observed returns;
• the last term corrects for the quanto impact if the strike currency is different from the asset currency. The terms contributing to the correction are as follows:
  • ρ is the correlation between the asset price and the relevant Fx rate — measured over the recommended holding period;
  • σ is the measured volatility of the asset;
  • σccy is the measured volatility of the Fx rate.

(d)   calculate the price of each underlying contract by taking the exponential of the return.

23.For curves, a principal component analysis (PCA) shall be performed to ensure that the simulation of the movements of each point on the curve over a long period results in a consistent curve.

24.For PRIIPS in Category 3 that are characterized by an unconditional protection of capital, the PRIIP manufacturer may assume that the VaR at a confidence level of 97,5 % is equal to the level of the unconditional capital protection at the end of the recommended holding period, discounted to the present date using the expected risk-free discount factor.

MRM class determination for Category 4 PRIIPs

25.Where the PRIIP performance depends on a factor or factors unobserved in the market or to some extent under the control of the PRIIP manufacturer, or this is the case for a component of the PRIIP, the PRIIP manufacturer shall follow the method in this section to account for this factor or factors.

26.The different components of the PRIIP that contribute to the performance of the PRIIP shall be identified, in order for those components that are not wholly or partly dependent on a factor or factors that are unobserved in the market to be treated according to the relevant methods set out in this Annex for Category 1, 2 or 3 PRIIPs. For each of these components a VEV shall be calculated.

27.The component of the PRIIP that depends wholly or partly on a factor or factors that are unobserved in the market shall follow robust and well recognised industry and regulatory standards for determining relevant expectations as to the future contribution of these factors and the uncertainty that may exist in respect of that contribution. Where the component is not wholly dependent on a factor that is unobserved in the market, a bootstrap methodology shall be used to account for the market factors, as set out for Category 3 PRIIPs. The VEV for the component of the PRIIP shall be the result of the combination of the bootstrap methodology and robust and well recognised industry and regulatory standards for determining relevant expectations as to the future contribution of these factors that are unobserved in the market.

28.The VEV of each component of the PRIIP shall be weighted proportionally in order to arrive at an overall VEV of the PRIIP. When weighing the components, product features shall be taken into account. Where relevant, product algorithms mitigating the market risk as well as specificities of the with-profit component shall be considered.

29.For Category 4 PRIIPs that are characterized by an unconditional protection of capital, the PRIIP manufacturer may assume that VaR at a confidence level of 97,5 % is equal to the level of unconditional capital protection at the end of the recommended holding period, discounted to the present date using the expected risk-free discount factor.

PART 2

Methodology for assessing credit risk

I.GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

30.A PRIIP or its underlying investments or exposures shall be taken to entail credit risk where the return of the PRIIP or its underlying investments or exposures depends on the creditworthiness of a manufacturer or party bound to make, directly or indirectly, relevant payments to the investor. A PRIIP with a MRM of 7 is not required to assess credit risk.

31.Where an entity directly engages to make a payment to a retail investor for a PRIIP, credit risk shall be assessed for the entity that is the direct obligor.

32.If all payment obligations of an obligor or one or more indirect obligors are unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by another entity (the guarantor), the credit risk assessment of the guarantor can be used if it is more favourable than the credit risk assessment of the respective obligor or obligors.

33.For PRIIPs which are exposed to underlying investments or techniques, including PRIIPs which themselves entail credit risk or in turn make underlying investments that entail credit risk, the credit risk shall be assessed in relation to the credit risk entailed both by the PRIIP itself and the underlying investments or exposures (including exposures to other PRIIPs), on a look-through basis and adopting a cascade assessment where necessary.

34.Where the credit risk is entailed solely at the level of underlying investments or exposures (including to other PRIIPs), the credit risk shall not be assessed at the level of the PRIIP itself but instead at the level of these underlying investments or exposures on a look-through basis. Where the PRIIP is an Undertaking for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities (UCITS) or an Alternative Investment Fund (AIF), the UCITS or AIF itself shall be taken to entail no credit risk, whereas the underlying investments or exposures of the UCITS or AIF shall be assessed where necessary.

35.Where a PRIIP is exposed to multiple underlying investments entailing a credit risk exposure, the credit risk entailed by each underlying investment representing an exposure of 10 % or more of the total assets or value of the PRIIP shall be separately assessed.

36.Underlying investments or exposures to exchange-traded derivatives or cleared OTC derivatives shall be assumed for the purposes of the credit risk assessment to carry no credit risk. No credit risk shall be taken to be entailed where an exposure is fully and appropriately collateralised, or where uncollateralised exposures that entail credit risk amount to less than 10 % of the total assets or value of the PRIIP.

II.CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT

Credit assessment of obligors

37.Where available, a PRIIP manufacturer shall define ex-ante one or more external credit assessment institutions (ECAI) certified or registered with the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009 of the European Parliament and the Council whose credit assessments will consistently be referred to for the purpose of the credit risk assessment. Where multiple credit assessments are available according to that policy, the median rating shall be used, defaulting to the lower of the two middle values in case of an even number of assessments.

38.The level of credit risk of the PRIIP and each relevant obligor shall be assessed on the basis of, as applicable:

Allocation of credit assessments to credit quality steps

39.The allocation of credit assessments of ECAIs to an objective scale of credit quality steps shall be based on Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1800.

40.In the case of credit risks assessed on a look-through basis, the credit quality step assigned shall correspond to the weighted average credit quality steps of each relevant obligor for which a credit assessment needs to be undertaken, in proportion to the total assets they respectively represent.

41.In the case of credit risks assessed on a cascade basis, all credit risk exposures shall be separately assessed, per layer, and the credit quality step assigned shall be the highest credit quality step, being understood that between a credit quality step set at 1 and a credit quality step set at 3, the higher of the two is 3.

42.The credit quality step pursuant to point 38 of this Annex shall be adjusted to the maturity or recommended holding period of the PRIIP, according to the following table, except where a credit assessment has been assigned that reflects that maturity or recommended holding period):

43.If the obligor has no external credit assessments, the default credit assessment as referred to in point 38 of this Annex shall be:

III.CREDIT RISK MEASURE

44.A PRIIP shall be allocated to a credit risk measure (CRM) on a scale ranging from 1 to 6 on the basis of the mapping table laid down in point 45 of this Annex and by applying the credit risk mitigating factors under points 46, 47, 48 and 49 of this Annex, or the credit risk escalating factors under points 50 and 51 of this Annex, as appropriate.

45.Table on the mapping of credit quality steps into a CRM:

46.The CRM may be assigned as 1 where the assets of a PRIIP or appropriate collateral, or assets backing the payment obligation of the PRIIP, are:

47.The CRM may be assigned as 2 where the assets of a PRIIP or appropriate collateral, or assets backing the payment obligation of the PRIIP, are:

48.Where credit risk is to be assessed on a look-through or cascade basis, the mitigation factors under point 46 and 47 of this Annex may also be applied when assessing credit risk in relation to each underlying obligor.

49.Where a PRIIP is not able to satisfy the criteria under point 47 of this Annex, the CRM pursuant to point 45 of this Annex may be reduced by one class where the claims of retail investors have priority over the claims of ordinary creditors, as set out in Article 108 of Directive 2014/59/EU, of the PRIIP manufacturer or party bound to make, directly or indirectly, relevant payments to the investor, in so far as the obligor is subject to relevant prudential requirements in respect of ensuring an appropriate matching of assets and liabilities.

50.The CRM pursuant to point 45 of this Annex shall be increased by two classes where the claim of a retail investor is subordinate to the claims of senior creditors.

51.The CRM pursuant to point 45 of this Annex shall be increased by three classes where a PRIIP is part of the own funds of the PRIIP obligor, as defined in Article 4(1)(118) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council or in Article 93 of Directive 2009/138/EU.

PART 3

Aggregation of market and credit risk into the summary risk indicator

52.The overall summary risk indicator (SRI) is assigned according to the combination of the CRM and the MRM classes, in accordance with the following table:

Monitoring data with relevance for the summary risk indicator

53.The PRIIP manufacturer shall monitor market data relevant to the calculation of the MRM class and, if the MRM class changes to a different MRM class, the PRIIP manufacturer shall attribute the corresponding MRM class to the MRM class which the PRIIP has matched for the majority of the reference points over the preceding four months.

54.The PRIIP manufacturer shall also monitor credit risk criteria relevant to the calculation of the CRM and, if according to these criteria the CRM would change to a different CRM class, the PRIIP shall re-attribute the CRM to the relevant CRM class.

55.A review of the MRM class shall always be carried out following a decision by the PRIIP manufacturer in respect of the PRIIP's investment policy and/or strategy. In those circumstances, any changes to the MRM shall be understood as a new determination of the PRIIP's MRM class, and consequently, be carried out according to the general rules concerning the determination of an MRM class for the PRIIP category.

PART 4

Liquidity risk

56.A PRIIP shall be considered as having a materially relevant liquidity risk where either of the following criteria are fulfilled:

57.A PRIIP shall be considered illiquid, whether contractually or not, if either of the following criteria are fulfilled:

58.A PRIIP shall be considered liquid in all other cases.

ANNEX III

PRESENTATION OF SRI

Presentation format

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall use the format below for the presentation of the SRI in the key information document. The relevant number shall be highlighted as shown depending on the SRI for the PRIIP.

Completion guidance with regard to the SRI

2.The narrative explanation after the SRI shall briefly explain the purpose of the SRI and the underlying risks.

3.Immediately below the SRI, the time frame of the recommended holding period shall be indicated. In addition, a warning shall be included directly below the SRI in the following cases:

4.As applicable for each PRIIP, the narrative explanation shall include:

5.For PRIIPs offering a range of options for investment, PRIIP manufacturers shall use the format referred to point 1 of this Annex for the presentation of the SRI, indicating all of the risk classes offered from the lowest risk class to the highest risk class.

6.For derivatives that are futures, call options and put options traded on a regulated market or on a third-country market considered to be equivalent to a regulated market in accordance with Article 28 of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014, Elements A, B, and, where relevant, H, shall be included.

Narrative explanations

7.For the purposes of the SRI presentation, including point 4 of this Annex, the following narrative explanations shall be used, as appropriate:

• [Element A] The summary risk indicator is a guide to the level of risk of this product compared to other products. It shows how likely it is that the product will lose money because of movements in the markets or because we are not able to pay you.
• [Element B] We have classified this product as [1/2/3/4/5/6/7] out of 7, which is [1=‘the lowest’/2=‘a low’/3=‘a medium-low’/4=‘a medium’/5=‘a medium-high’/6=‘the second-highest’/7=‘the highest’] risk class.
• [In addition, insert a brief explanation of the classification of the product with a maximum of 300 characters in plain language]
• [An example explanation: This rates the potential losses from future performance at a [1=‘very low’/2=‘low’/3=‘medium-low’/4=‘medium’/5=‘medium-high’/6=‘high’/7=‘very high’] level, and poor market conditions [1, 2=‘are very unlikely to’/3=‘are unlikely to’/4=‘could’/5=‘will likely’/6=‘are very likely to’] impact [our] [the] capacity [of X] to pay you].
• [[Where applicable:] Element C, in bold] Be aware of currency risk. You will receive payments in a different currency, so the final return you will get depend on the exchange rate between the two currencies. This risk is not considered in the indicator shown above.
• [[Where applicable:] Element D] In some circumstances you may be required to make further payments to pay for losses. (in bold) The total loss you may incur may significantly exceed the amount invested.
• [Where applicable:] [Element E] [Other risks materially relevant to the PRIIP not included in the summary risk indicator to be explained with a maximum of 200 characters]
• [Where applicable:] [Element F] [You are entitled to receive back at least [insert %] of your capital. Any amount over this, and any additional return, depends on future market performance and is uncertain.]
• [Where applicable:] [Element G] [However, this protection against future market performance will not apply if you [..]
• [Where early exit conditions apply] cash-in before [… years/months/days]]
• [Where ongoing payments must be made] fail to make your payments in time.
• [Where other limitations apply: explain these in a maximum of […] characters in plain language.]
• [Where applicable:] [Element H] [This product does not include any protection from future market performance so you could lose some or all of your investment.]
• [Where applicable:] [Element I] [If (we) (are) not able to pay you what is owed, you could lose your entire investment.]
• [Where applicable:] [Element J] [However, you may benefit from a consumer protection scheme (see the section ‘what happens if we are unable to pay you’). The indicator shown above does not consider this protection.]

ANNEX IV

PERFORMANCE SCENARIOS

Number of scenarios

1.The four performance scenarios under this Regulation which shall show a range of possible returns, shall be the following:

2.The stress scenario shall set out significant unfavourable impacts of the product not covered in the unfavourable scenario referred to in point 1(c) of this Annex. The stress scenario shall show intermediate periods where those periods would be shown for the performance scenarios under point 1(a) to (c) of this Annex.

3.An additional scenario for insurance-based investment products shall be based on the moderate scenario referred to in point 1(b), where the performance is relevant in respect of the return of the investment.

Calculation of scenario values for the recommended holding period

4.The scenario values under different performance scenarios shall be calculated in a similar manner as the market risk measure. The scenarios values shall be calculated for the recommended holding period.

5.The unfavourable scenario shall be the value of the PRIIP at the 10th percentile.

6.The moderate scenario shall be the value of the PRIIP at the 50th percentile.

7.The favourable scenario shall be the value of the PRIIP value at the 90th percentile.

8.The stress scenario shall be the value of the PRIIP that results from the methodology outlined in points 10 and 11 of this Annex for Category 2 PRIIPs and in points 12 and 13 of this Annex for Category 3 PRIIPs.

9.For Category 2 PRIIPs, the expected values at the end of the recommended holding period shall be:

(a)   The unfavourable scenario:

(b)   The moderate scenario:

(c)   The favourable scenario:

where N is the number of trading periods in the recommended holding period, and where the other terms are defined in point 12 of Annex II.

10.For Category 2 PRIIPs, the calculation of the stress scenario has the following steps:

(a)   Identify a sub interval of length w which corresponds to the following intervals:

 

	1 year	> 1 year
Daily prices	21	63
Weekly prices	8	16
Monthly prices	6	12

 

(b)   Identify for each sub interval of length w the historical lognormal returns rt, where t = t0, t1, t2, …, tN.

 

(c)   Measure the volatility based on the formula below starting from ti = t0 rolling until ti = tN – w

 

Where Mw is the count of number of observations in the sub interval and is the mean of all the historical lognormal returns in the corresponding sub interval.

 

(d)   Infer the value that corresponds to the 99th percentile for 1 year and the 90th percentile for the other holding periods. This value shall be the stressed volatility .

11.For Category 2 PRIIPs, the expected values at the end of the recommended holding period for the stress scenario shall be:

where zα is a proper selected value of the PRIIP at the extreme percentile that corresponds to 1 % for 1 year and to 5 % for the other holding periods.

12.For Category 3 PRIIPs, the following adjustments shall be made to the calculation of favourable, moderate and unfavourable performance scenarios:

13.For Category 3 PRIIPs, the following adjustments shall be made for the calculation of the stress scenario:

(a)   Infer stress volatility based on methodology defined in point 10 of this Annex;

 

(b)   Rescale historical returns rt, based on the formula set out below;

(c)   Conduct bootstrapping on as described in point 22 of Annex II;

 

(d)   Calculate the return for each contract by summing returns from selected periods and correcting these returns to ensure that the expected return measured from the simulated return's distribution is as below

where E*[r bootstrapped ] is the new simulated mean.

14.For Category 3 PRIIPs, the stress scenario shall be the value of the PRIIP at the extreme zα percentile as defined in point 11 of this Annex of the simulated distribution as set out in point 13 of this Annex.

15.For Category 4 PRIIPs, the method under point 27 of Annex II shall be used in respect of those factors that are not observed in the market, combined as necessary with the method for Category 3 PRIIPs. The relevant methods for Category 2 PRIIPs set out in points 9 to 11 of this Annex and the relevant methods for Category 3 PRIIPs set out in points 12 to 14 of this Annex shall be used for the relevant components of the PRIIP where the PRIIP combines different components. The performance scenarios shall be a weighted average of the relevant components. Product features and capital guarantees shall be taken into consideration in the performance calculations.

16.For Category 1 PRIIPs as defined in point 4(a) of Annex II, and Category 1 PRIIPs as defined in point 4(b) of Annex II that are not futures, call options and put options traded on a regulated market or on a third-country market considered to be equivalent to a regulated market in accordance with Article 28 of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014, performance scenarios shall be calculated in accordance with points 12 to 14 of this Annex.

17.For Category 1 PRIIPs, that are futures, call options and put options traded on a regulated market or on a third-country market considered to be equivalent to a regulated market in accordance with Article 28 of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014, performance scenarios shall be shown in the form of pay-off structure graphs. A graph shall be included to show performance for all scenarios for the different levels of the underlying value. The horizontal axis of the graph shall show the various possible prices of the underlying value and the vertical axis shall show the profit or loss at the different prices of the underlying value. For every price of the underlying value, the graph shall show the resulting profit or loss and at which price of the underlying value the profit or loss shall be zero.

18.For Category 1 PRIIPs as defined in point 4(c) of Annex II a reasonable and conservative best estimate of the expected values for the performance scenarios set out in point 1(a) to (c) of this Annex at the end of the recommended holding period shall be provided.

The scenarios selected and shown shall be consistent with and complement the other information contained in the key information document, including the overall risk profile for the PRIIP. The PRIIP manufacturer shall ensure the consistency of the scenarios with internal product governance conclusions, including amongst other things, any stress-testing undertaken by the PRIIP manufacturer for the PRIIP, and data and analysis used for the purposes of producing the other information contained with the key information document.

The scenarios shall be selected to give a balanced presentation of the possible outcomes of the product in both favourable and unfavourable conditions, but only scenarios that can be reasonably expected shall be shown. The scenarios shall not be selected so as give undue prominence to favourable outcomes at the expense of unfavourable ones.

Calculation of expected values for intermediate holding periods

19.For PRIIPs with a recommended holding period between 1 and 3 years, performance shall be shown at 2 different holding periods: at the end of the first year and at the end of the recommended holding period.

20.For PRIIPs with a recommended holding period of 3 years or more, performance shall be shown at 3 holding periods: at the end of the first year, after half the recommended holding period rounded up to the end of the nearest year, and at the end of the recommended holding period.

21.For PRIIPs with a recommended holding period of 1 year or less, no performance scenarios for intermediate holding periods shall be shown.

22.For Category 2 PRIIPs, the values to be shown for the intermediate periods shall be calculated using the formulas in point 9 to 11 of this Annex with the N defined to be the number of trading periods from the start date to the end of the intermediate period.

23.For Category 1 PRIIPs and Category 4 PRIIPs, the values to be shown for the intermediate periods shall be estimated by the PRIIP manufacturer in a manner consistent with the estimation at the end of the recommended holding period. To this end, the method used to estimate the value of the PRIIP at the start of each intermediate period needs to produce the same value for the entire recommended holding period, as under the method prescribed in points 16 and 15 of this Annex respectively.

24.For Category 3 PRIIPs, to produce the favourable, moderate, unfavourable and stress scenarios at an intermediate period before the end of the recommended holding period, the manufacturer shall pick three underlying simulations as referred to in points 16 to 24 of Annex II used for the calculation of the MRM and one underlying simulation as referred to in point 13 of this Annex, on the basis of underlying levels only and in such a manner that the simulated value of the PRIIPs for that intermediate period is likely to be consistent with the relevant scenario.

25.For Category 1 PRIIPs that are futures, call options and put options traded on a regulated market or on a third-country market considered to be equivalent to a regulated market in accordance with Article 28 of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014, performance scenarios for intermediate holding periods shall not be included.

26.For favourable, moderate and unfavourable scenarios at intermediate periods, the estimate of the distribution used to read the value of the PRIIP at different percentiles shall be consistent with the observed return and volatility observed over the past 5 years of all market instruments that determine the PRIIP's value. For the stress scenario at intermediate periods, the estimate of the distribution used to read the value of the PRIIP at different percentiles shall be consistent with the simulated distribution of all market instruments that determine the PRIIP's value as set out in points 11 and 13.

27.The unfavourable scenario shall be the estimate of the value of the PRIIP at the start of the intermediate period consistent with the 10th percentile.

28.The moderate scenario shall be the estimate of the value of the PRIIP at the start of the intermediate period consistent with the 50th percentile.

29.The favourable scenario shall be the estimate of the value of the PRIIP at the start of the intermediate period consistent with the 90th percentile.

30.The stress scenario shall be the estimate of the value of the PRIIP at the start of the intermediate period consistent with the percentile level that corresponds to 1 % for 1 year and to 5 % for the other holding periods of the simulated distribution as set out in point 13.

General requirements

31.The performance of the PRIIP shall be calculated net of all applicable costs in accordance with Annex VI for the scenario and holding period being presented.

32.Performance shall be presented in monetary units. The amounts used shall be consistent with the amounts referred to in point 90 of Annex VI.

33.Performance shall also be presented in percentage terms, as the average annual return of the investment. That figure shall be calculated considering net performance as numerator and the initial investment amount or the price paid as denominator.

For those PRIIPs where there is no initial investment or price paid such as future contracts or swaps, the percentage shall be calculated considering the nominal value of the contract and a footnote shall be added to explain that calculation.

34.For an insurance based investment product, the following shall apply in addition to the methods referred above including under point 15 when calculating the performance scenarios in respect of the investment:

ANNEX V

METHODOLOGY FOR THE PRESENTATION OF PERFORMANCE SCENARIOS

PART 1

General presentation specifications

1.The performance scenarios shall be presented in a way that is fair, accurate, clear and not misleading, and that is likely to be understood by the average retail investor.

2.Where performance scenarios may be shown only at maturity or at the end of the recommended holding period, as for the PRIIPs referred to in point 21 of Annex IV, that shall be clearly explained in the narrative set out in element E in Part 2 of this Annex.

3.In all cases, the narrative explanations set out in elements A, B, C, D and F in Part 2 of this Annex shall be included, except in the case of Category 1 PRIIPs referred to in point 17 of Annex IV, where the narrative explanations set in elements G to K shall be used instead.

PART 2

Presentation of performance scenarios

For all PRIIPs except for category 1 PRIIPs referred to in point 17 of Annex IV, PRIIP manufacturers shall present the performance scenarios by means of the formats below, depending on whether the PRIIP is a single investment or premium or a regular payment or premium PRIIP. The interim periods may differ depending on the length of the recommended holding period. For insurance-based investment products additional rows are included in respect of the scenario for the insurance benefits including the cumulative biometric risk premium for a regular premium insurance-based investment product. Returns for that scenario shall only be shown in absolute values.

Template A: Single investment and/or single premium is paid.

Single investment paid

Single premium paid

Template B: Regular investments and/or premiums are paid.

Regular investments paid

Regular premiums paid

Performance scenarios

[Element A] This [table/graph] shows the money you could get back over the next [recommended holding period] years, under different scenarios, assuming that you invest EUR […] [per year].

[Element B] The scenarios shown illustrate how your investment could perform. You can compare them with the scenarios of other products.

[Element C] The scenarios presented are an estimate of future performance based on evidence from the past on how the value of this investment varies, and are not an exact indicator. What you get will vary depending on how the market performs and how long you keep the investment/product.

[Element D] The stress scenario shows what you might get back in extreme market circumstances, and it does not take into account the situation where we are not able to pay you.

[Where applicable][Element E] This product cannot be [easily] cashed in. This means it is difficult to estimate how much you would get back if you cash in before [the end of the recommended holding period/maturity]. You will either be unable to cash in early or you will have to pay high costs or make a large loss if you do so.

[Element F] The figures shown include all the costs of the product itself, [where applicable]:[but may not include all the costs that you pay to your advisor or distributor][and includes the costs of your advisor or distributor]. The figures do not take into account your personal tax situation, which may also affect how much you get back.

[Element G] This graph illustrates how your investment could perform. You can compare them with the pay-off graphs of other derivatives.

[Element H] The graph presented gives a range of possible outcomes and is not an exact indication of what you might get back. What you get will vary depending on how the underlying will develop. For each value of the underlying, the graph shows what the profit or loss of the product would be. The horizontal axis shows the various possible prices of the underlying value on the expiry date and the vertical axis shows the profit or loss.

[Element I] Buying this product holds that you think the underlying price will [increase/decrease].

[Element J] Your maximum loss would be that you will lose all your investment (premium paid).

[Element K] The figures shown include all the costs of the product itself, but may not include all the costs that you pay to your advisor or distributor. The figures do not take into account your personal tax situation, which may also affect how much you get back.

ANNEX VI

METHODOLOGY FOR THE CALCULATION OF COSTS

PART 1

List of costs

I.LIST OF COSTS OF INVESTMENTS FUNDS (AIFs AND UCITS)

Costs to be disclosed

One-off costs

1.A one-off cost is an entry or exit cost which is either:

2.One-off costs are costs borne by the retail investor that are not deducted from the assets of the AIF or UCITS.

3.One-off costs include, but are not limited to, the following types of up-front initial costs that shall be taken into account in the cost amount to be disclosed in the key information document:

Recurring Costs

4.Recurring costs are payments deducted from the assets of an AIF or UCITS, and represent the following:

5.Recurring costs include, but are not limited to, the following types of costs that are deducted from the assets of the AIF or UCITS, and shall be taken into account in the cost amount to be disclosed in the key information document:

Incidental costs

6.The following types of incidental costs shall be taken into account in the amount to be disclosed:

Calculation of specific types of costs of investments funds

Transaction costs

7.Transaction costs shall be calculated on an annualised basis, based on an average of the transaction costs incurred by the PRIIP over the previous three years. Where the PRIIP has been operating for less than three years, transaction costs shall be calculated using the methodology set out in point 21 of this Annex.

8.The aggregate transaction costs for a PRIIP shall be calculated as the sum of the transaction costs as calculated in accordance with points 9 to 23 of this Annex in the base currency of the PRIIP for all individual transactions undertaken by the PRIIP in the specified period. This sum shall be converted into a percentage by dividing by the average net assets of the PRIIP over the same period.

9.When calculating the transaction costs incurred by the PRIIP over the previous three years, actual transaction costs must be calculated using the methodology described in points 12 to 18 of this Annex for investments in the following instruments:

10.Estimates of transaction costs using the methodology described below in points 19 to 20 of this Annex must be used for investments in other instruments or assets.

Treatment of anti-dilution mechanisms

11.Where a PRIIP has a pricing mechanism that offsets the impact of dilution from transactions in the PRIIP itself, the amount of benefit accruing to the ongoing holders of the PRIIP from anti-dilution mechanisms may be deducted from the transaction costs incurred within the PRIIP using the following methodology:

Actual transaction costs

12.The actual transaction costs for each transaction shall be calculated on the following basis:

13.The net realised execution price shall be determined as the price at which the transaction is executed, including all charges, commissions, taxes and other payments (such as anti-dilution levies) associated with the transaction, either directly or indirectly, where those payments are made from the assets of the PRIIP.

14.The arrival price shall be determined as the mid-market price of the investment at the time when the order to transact is transmitted to another person. For orders that are transacted on a day that is not the day that the order was originally transmitted to another person, the arrival price shall be determined as the opening price of the investment on the day of the transaction or, where the opening price is not available, the previous closing price. Where a price is not available at the time when the order to transact is transmitted to another person (due to the order initiated outside market opening hours or in over-the-counter markets where there is no transparency of intra-day prices for example), the arrival price shall be determined as the opening price on the day of the transaction or, where the opening price is not available, the previous closing price. Where an order is executed without being transmitted to another person, the arrival price shall be determined as the mid-market price of the investment at the time when the transaction was executed.

15.Where information about the time when the order to transact is transmitted to another person is not available (or not available to a sufficient level of accuracy), or where information about the price at that time is not available, it is permissible to use as the arrival price the opening price of the investment on the day of the transaction or, where the opening price is not available, the previous closing price. When calculating transaction costs using data prior to 31 December 2017, intra-day prices may be considered as not available.

16.Costs associated with transactions undertaken by PRIIPs and concerning financial instruments that fall within one of the categories referred to in items 4 to 10 of Section C of Annex I to Directive 2014/65/EU shall be calculated in the following way:

17.In calculating the costs associated with foreign exchange, the arrival price must reflect a reasonable estimate of the consolidated price, and must not simply be the price available from a single counterparty or foreign exchange platform, even if an agreement exists to undertake all foreign exchange transactions with a single counterparty.

18.In calculating the costs associated with orders that are initially entered into an auction, the arrival price shall be calculated as the mid-price immediately prior to the auction.

Transaction costs for other assets

19.When estimating transaction costs for assets other than assets as referred to in point 9 of this Annex, the methodology in point 12 of this Annex shall be used and the arrival price shall be calculated as follows:

20.The transaction cost estimate must not be less than the amount of actual identifiable costs directly associated with the transaction.

Transaction costs for new PRIIPs

21.For PRIIPs that have been operating for less than 3 years and that invest predominantly in assets as referred to in point 9 of this Annex, transaction costs may be calculated either by multiplying an estimate of portfolio turnover in each asset class with the costs calculated according to the methodology referred to in point (c), or as an average of the actual transaction costs incurred during the period of operation and a standardised estimate on the following basis:

22.Estimates of portfolio turnover for a PRIIP that has been operating for less than one year must be made on a consistent basis with the investment policy disclosed in the offering documents. Estimates of portfolio turnover for a PRIIP that has been operating for more than one year must be consistent with actual portfolio turnover.

23.For PRIIPs that have been operating for less than three years and that invest predominantly in assets other than assets as referred to in point 9 of this Annex, the PRIIP manufacturer shall estimate the transaction costs on the basis of the fair value method using comparable assets.

Performance related fees

24.To calculate performance related fees, the following steps shall be taken:

Carried interests

25.To calculate carried interests, the following steps shall be taken:

26.If no carried interests are taken throughout the investment, a warning needs to accompany the indication of zero carried interests in the composition of costs table in order to clarify that a payment of x % of the final return shall take place subsequently to the exit of the investment.

II.LIST OF COSTS OF PRIPS OTHER THAN INVESTMENT FUNDS

Costs to be disclosed

One-off costs

27.A one-off cost is an entry and exit cost which include initial charges, commissions or any other amount paid directly by the retail investor or deducted from a payment received by or due to the retail investor.

28.One-off costs are borne by a PRIP other than an investment fund, whether they represent expenses necessarily incurred in its operation, or the remuneration of any party connected with it or providing services to it.

One-off entry costs and charges

29.One-off entry costs and charges include, but are not limited to, the following types that shall be taken into account in the cost amount to be disclosed for PRIPs other than investment funds:

One-off exit costs and charges

30.One-off exit costs and charges include, but are not limited to, the following types that shall be taken into account in the amount to be disclosed for PRIPs other than investment funds:

Recurring Costs

31.Recurring costs are payments regularly deducted from all payments due to the retail investor or from the amount invested.

32.Recurring costs include all types of cost borne by a PRIP other than an investment fund whether they represent expenses necessarily incurred in its operation, or the remuneration of any party connected with it or providing services to it.

33.The following list is indicative but not exhaustive of the types of recurring charge that, where they are deducted or charged separately, shall be taken into account in the amount to be disclosed:

Costs of PRIPs referred to in point 17 of Annex IV

34.One-off exit costs and charges are exchange fees, clearing fees and settlement fees where known.

35.Recurring costs are hedging costs borne under normal market conditions and stressed market conditions.

Calculation of implicit costs of PRIPs other than investment funds

36.For the purposes of the calculation of the implicit costs embedded in PRIPs, the PRIIP manufacturer shall refer to the issue price and, after the subscription period, to the price available to purchase the product on a secondary market.

37.The difference between the price and the fair value of the product is considered as an estimation of the total entry costs included in the price. If the PRIIP manufacturer is unable to distinguish the relevant implicit costs to be disclosed as referred to in point 29 of this Annex using the difference between the price and the fair value, it shall liaise with the issuer of the different components of the product, or the relevant body, in order to gather the relevant information on those costs.

38.Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction in the principal (or most advantageous) market at the measurement date under current market conditions (i.e. an exit price) regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique.

39.The fair value policy that governs the measurement of the fair value shall set a series of rules including in the following areas:

40.The rules referred to in point 39 of this Annex shall aim at outlining a valuation process that:

41.The fair value of a structured product shall be determined on the basis of:

42.If the fair value cannot be derived from market prices, it shall be calculated using a valuation technique that is able to represent properly the different factors affecting the product payoff structure making maximum use of market data.

43.The valuation technique referred to in point 42 of this Annex shall consider the following according to the complexity of the product:

44.In the case of subscription products, the fair value shall be calculated on the date when the product terms are determined. This valuation date shall be close to the beginning of the subscription period. Where long offering periods or high market volatility exists, a criterion to update cost information shall be defined.

45.Where preliminary terms are used, costs shall be calculated by using the minimum terms of the product.

46.Where variable subscription prices are used, a procedure on how to incorporate and disclose the cost effect of the varying subscription price shall be defined.

III.LIST OF COSTS OF INSURANCE-BASED INVESTMENT PRODUCTS

Costs to be disclosed

One-off costs

47.A one-off cost is an entry and exit cost which includes initial charges, commissions or any other amount paid directly by the retail investor or deducted from the first payment or from a limited number of payments due to the retail investor or from a payment upon redemption or termination of the product.

48.One-off costs are borne by an insurance-based investment product, whether they represent expenses necessarily incurred in its operation, or the remuneration of any party connected with it or providing services to it.

49.One-off costs include, but are not limited to, the following types of entry costs and charges that shall be taken into account in the amount to be disclosed for insurance-based investment products:

Recurring costs

50.Recurring costs are payments regularly deducted from all payments from the retail investor or from the amount invested or amounts that are not allocated to the retail investor according to a profit sharing mechanism.

51.The recurring costs include all types of costs borne by an insurance-based investment product whether they represent expenses necessarily incurred in its operation, or the remuneration of any party connected with it or providing services to it.

52.The following list is indicative but not exhaustive of the types of recurring charge that shall be taken into account in the amount of the ‘Other ongoing costs’ in table 2 of Annex VII:

53.Where an insurance-based investment product invests a part of its assets in UCITS or AIFs, in a PRIIP other than UCITS or AIFs or in an investment product other than a PRIIP, points 5(l), 5(m) and 5(n) of this Annex shall be applied respectively.

Cost disclosure of the biometric risk premium of insurance based investment products

Costs part of biometric risk premiums

54.Biometric risk premiums are those premiums paid directly by the retail investor or deducted from the amounts credited to the mathematical provision or from the participation bonus of the insurance policy, that are intended to cover the statistical risk of benefit payments from insurance coverage.

55.The fair value of biometric risk premiums is the expected present value, according to the interest rates referred to in point 71(a) of this Annex, of the future benefit payments from insurance coverage taking into account the following:

56.Best estimate assumptions on future benefit payments from insurance coverage shall be set in a realistic way.

57.The estimated future benefit payments shall not include prudency margins or costs for the management of the insurance cover.

58.For manufacturers within the scope of Directive 2009/138/EC these best estimate assumptions shall be consistent with the respective assumptions used for the calculation of the technical provisions in the Solvency II balance sheet.

59.The cost part of biometric risk premiums is the difference between biometric risk premiums charged to the retail investor referred to in point 54 of this Annex and the fair value of the biometric risk premiums referred to in point 55 of this Annex.

60.A PRIIP manufacturer may include the full biometric risk premiums in the calculation of one-off costs or recurring costs in the place of the cost part of those premiums.

PART 2

Summary cost indicators and compound effect of the costs

I.SUMMARY COST INDICATORS

61.The summary cost indicator of the PRIIP is the reduction of the yield due to total costs calculated in accordance with points 70 to 72 of this Annex.

62.For the calculation of the summary cost indicator the costs to be disclosed referred to in point 72 of this Annex shall be the total costs. This shall equal for investment funds the sum of the costs as referred to in points 1 and 2 of this Annex plus the sum of the costs as referred to in points 4 and 6 of this Annex; for PRIPs other than investment funds, except PRIIPs referred in point 17 of Annex IV, the sum of the costs as referred to in points 27 and 28 of this Annex plus the sum of the costs as referred to in points 31 and 32 of this Annex; for PRIIPs referred to in point 17 of Annex IV, the sum of the costs as referred to in points 34 and 35 of this Annex; and for insurance-based investment products, the sum of the costs as referred to in points 47 and 48 plus the sum of the costs as referred to in points 50 and 51 of this Annex. The total costs shall also include exit penalties, where relevant.

One-off costs and one-off costs ratios

63.The entry and exit costs ratio of the PRIIP shall be the reduction of the annual yield due to entry and exit costs calculated according to points 70 to 72 of this Annex.

64.For the calculation of the entry and exit costs ratio the costs to be disclosed referred to in point 72 of this Annex shall for investments funds be the entry and exit costs according to points 1 and 2 of this Annex; points 27 and 28 of this Annex for PRIPs other than investment funds, except PRIIPs referred in point 17 of Annex IV; point 35 for PRIIPs referred in point 17 of Annex IV; and points 47 and 48 of this Annex for insurance-based investment products. Exit costs shall also include exit penalties, where relevant.

Recurring costs, portfolio transaction costs and insurance costs/other recurring costs ratios

65.The portfolio transaction costs, insurance costs and other recurring costs ratio of the PRIIP shall be the reduction of the annual yield due to portfolio transaction costs and other recurring costs calculated according to points 70 to 72 of this Annex.

66.For the calculation of the portfolio transaction costs ratio and the insurance costs ratio the following shall apply:

67.The other recurring costs ratio shall be the reduction of the annual yield due to other recurring costs that is calculated as the difference between the summary cost indicator according to point 61 of this Annex and the sum of the one-off costs ratio, according to point 63 of this Annex, plus portfolio transaction costs ratio, according to point 66(a), plus insurance costs ratio, according to point 66(b) of this Annex, plus the incidental costs ratios, according to point 68 of this Annex.

Incidental costs and incidental costs ratios (performance fees and carried interests ratio)

68.For the calculation of the performance fees ratio, the cost to be disclosed referred to in point 72 shall be the portfolio incidental costs according to point 6(a) of this Annex for investment funds. For the calculation of the carried interests ratio, the cost to be disclosed referred to in point 72 of this Annex shall be the portfolio incidental costs according to point 6(b) of this Annex for investment funds.

69.The ‘ongoing costs’, ‘performance fees’ and ‘carried interests’ as referred to in Annex VII are respectively the ‘recurring costs’, ‘performance fees ratio’ and ‘carried interests ratio’ as referred to in this Annex and in Article 5.

Calculation of summary cost indicator

70.The summary cost indicator shall be calculated as the difference between two percentages i and r where r is the annual internal rate of return in relation to gross payments by the retail investor and estimated benefit payments to the retail investor during the recommended holding period and i is the annual internal rate of return for the respective cost free scenario.

71.The estimation of future benefit payments under point 70 of this Annex shall be based on the following assumptions:

72.For the purpose of the calculation of the cost free scenario as referred to in point 70 of this Annex the following shall apply:

Specific requirements for PRIPs other than investment funds

73.For the purpose of the calculation of the cost free scenario as referred to in point 70 of this Annex for PRIPs other than investment funds, gross payments by the retail investor from the calculation of r, as referred to in point 72 of this Annex, shall be reduced by the costs to be disclosed.

Specific requirements for insurance-based investment products

74.For the purpose of the calculations described in points 70 to 72 of this Annex, it shall be assumed that, for insurance-based investment products, no payments resulting from insurance coverage occur during the holding period. That is to say, the calculation of the summary cost indicator shall be solely based on estimated endowment benefit payments.

75.To the extent recurring and one-off costs are covered by explicit costs that are a fixed part of the premium calculation of the product the calculation of recurring and one-off costs shall be based on these explicit costs.

76.For profit participation for insurance based investment products the following shall apply:

Calculation of ratios

Anti-double counting principle

77.If one type of cost is covered by two or more types of costs as referred to in this Annex, that type of cost shall only be accounted for once in the calculation of the indicators (ratios) which are based on it.

Other specifications

78.The ratios shall be expressed as a percentage to two decimal places.

79.The ratios shall be calculated at least once a year.

80.The ratios shall be based on the most recent cost calculations which the PRIIP manufacturer has determined. Without prejudice to point 77 of this Annex, the costs are assessed on an ‘all taxes included’ basis.

As for investment funds the following shall apply:

81.Apart from the first calculation for a new PRIIP, and if not stated otherwise, the ratios shall be calculated at least once a year, on an ex-post basis. Where it is considered unsuitable to use the ex-post figure because of a material change, an estimate may be used instead until reliable ex-post figures reflecting the impact of the material change become available.

82.The ex-post figures shall be based on recent cost calculations which the PRIIP manufacturer has determined on reasonable grounds to be appropriate for that purpose. The figures may be based on the costs set out in the PRIIP's statement of operations published in its latest annual or half-yearly report, if that statement is sufficiently recent. It it is not sufficiently recent, a comparable calculation based on the costs charged during a more recent 12-month period shall be used instead.

83.Information about the ratios that were applicable during previous years/periods shall be published at the location which is specified in the key information document as the general source of further information for investors who require it.

84.Where the costs attributable to an underlying UCITS or AIF are to be taken into account the following shall apply:

Calculation methodology for new PRIIPs

85.In place of ex-post data, estimates shall be used in the calculation of the different types of costs. Such estimates shall be carried out by adopting as proxies either a comparable PRIIP or a peer group.

86.For PRIIPs which charge a fixed all-inclusive fee, that fee shall be used provided it includes all costs to be presented under the PRIIPs cost disclosure requirements.

87.For PRIIPs which set a cap or maximum on the amount that can be charged, and provided it includes all costs to be presented under the PRIIPs cost disclosure requirements, that cap or maximum shall be used instead so long as the PRIIP manufacturer gives a commitment to respect the published figure and to absorb any costs that would otherwise cause it to be exceeded.

88.If, in the PRIIP manufacturer's opinion, expressing a figure to two decimal places would be likely to suggest a spurious degree of accuracy to investors, it shall be sufficient to express that figure to one decimal place.

89.The PRIIP manufacturer shall ensure that the accuracy of the estimated figure is kept under review. The PRIIP manufacturer shall determine when it is appropriate to begin using ex-post figures rather than an estimate; but in any case it shall, no later than 12 months after the date on which the PRIIP was first offered for sale in any Member State, review the accuracy of the estimate by calculating a figure on an ex-post basis.

II.COMPOUND EFFECT OF THE COSTS

Common requirements to all types of PRIIPs

90.The table(s) referred to in Article 5 shall contain an indication of the total costs in monetary and percentage terms for the case that the retail investor invests, respectively 10 000 EUR (for all PRIIPs except regular premium insurance-based investment products), or 1 000 EUR yearly (for regular premium insurance-based investment products) during different holding periods, including the recommended holding period. The holding periods to be shown are those referred to in points 14 to 16 of Annex IV. Where a product is considered not to have an alternative liquidity facility promoted by the PRIIP manufacturer or a third party, or where there is an absence of liquidity arrangements, or for those PRIIPs as referred to in point 17 of Annex IV, that indication of costs may be shown only at maturity or at the end of the recommended holding period.

91.Where the currency of the PRIIP is not in Euros, an amount of a similar magnitude to those set out in point 90 of this Annex and which is cleanly divisible by 1 000 shall be used.

92.The total costs shall include one-off, recurring and incidental costs, and, where relevant, exit penalties.

93.Exit penalties are to be distinguished from other exit costs which have to be paid in any case and therefore always need to be included in the one-off costs.

94.The relevance of exit penalties depends on the holding period of the investment and the exact moment when the product is cashed in. Exit penalties are not relevant if the investment is kept for the recommended holding period.

ANNEX VII

PRESENTATION OF COSTS

The Reduction in Yield (RIY) shows what impact the total costs you pay will have on the investment return you might get. The total costs take into account one-off, ongoing and incidental costs.

The amounts shown here are the cumulative costs of the product itself, for three different holding periods. They include potential early exit penalties. The figures assume you invest [EUR 10 000 (OR EUR 1 000 each year for regular premium PRIIPs)]. The figures are estimates and may change in the future.

Table 1 Cost over time

The person selling you or advising you about this product may charge you other costs. If so, this person will provide you with information about these costs, and show you the impact that all costs will have on your investment over time.

Table 2 Composition of costs

The table below shows:

• the impact each year of the different types of costs on the investment return you might get at the end of the recommended holding period;
• the meaning of the different cost categories.

For PRIIPs offering a range of options for investment, PRIIP manufacturers shall use the table 1 and table 2 of this Annex for the presentation of the costs, showing for each of the figures in each table, as relevant, the range of the costs.

CHAPTER I

CONTENT AND PRESENTATION OF THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Article A1

Interpretation

In this Regulation, unless the contrary intention appears:

1. ‘AIF’ has the meaning given in regulation 4(1) of the Financial Services (Alternative Investment Fund Managers) Regulations 2020;
2. ‘derivative-based PRIIP’ means a Category 1 PRIIP that is a future, call option, or put option traded on a regulated market or on a third-country market considered to be equivalent to a regulated market in accordance with Article 28 of Regulation (EU) 600/2014 as it forms part of the law of Gibraltar, the United Kingdom or the European Union (as the case may be);
3. ‘regulated market’ means a regulated market which is a Gibraltar regulated market, UK regulated market or EU regulated market, as those terms are defined in Article 2(13) of Regulation (EU) No 600/2014, as it forms part of the law of Gibraltar;
4. ‘UCITS’ has the meaning given in section 292(1) of the Financial Services Act 2019.

Article 1

General information section

The section in the key information document that relates to the identity of the PRIIP manufacturer and its competent authority shall contain all of the following information:

Information in the section referred to in the first subparagraph shall also include the comprehension alert referred to in Article 8(3)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014 where the PRIIP meets one of the following conditions:

Article 2

‘What is this product?’ section

1.Information relating to the type of the PRIIP in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall describe its legal form.

2.Information stating the objectives of the PRIIP and the means for achieving those objectives in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall be summarised in a brief, clear and easily understandable manner. That information shall identify the main factors upon which return depends, the underlying investment assets or reference values, and how the return is determined, as well as the relationship between the PRIIP's return and that of the underlying investment assets or reference values. That information shall reflect the relationship between the recommended holding period and the risk and reward profile of the PRIIP.

Where the number of assets or reference values referred to in the first subparagraph is such that specific references to all of them cannot be provided within a key information document, only the market segments or instrument types in respect of the underlying investment assets or reference values shall be identified.

3.The description of the type of retail investor to whom the PRIIP is intended to be marketed in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall include information on the target retail investors identified by the PRIIP manufacturer, in particular depending on the needs, characteristics and objectives of the type of client for whom the PRIIPs is compatible. This determination shall be based upon the ability of retail investors to bear investment loss and their investment horizon preferences, their theoretical knowledge of, and past experience with PRIIPs, the financial markets as well as the needs, characteristics and objectives of potential end clients.

4.The details of insurance benefits in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall include in a general summary, namely, the key features of the insurance contract, a definition of each benefit included, with an explanatory statement indicating that the value of those benefits is shown in the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what I could get in return’ and information which reflects the typical biometric characteristics of the target retail investors, showing the overall premium, the biometric risk premium that forms part of that overall premium and either the impact of the biometric risk premium on the investment return at the end of the recommended holding period or the impact of the cost part of the biometric risk premium taken into account in the recurring costs of the ‘Costs over the time table’ calculated in accordance with Annex VII. Where the premium is paid in the form of a single lump sum, the details shall include the amount invested. Where the premium is paid periodically, the number of periodic payments, an estimation of the average biometric risk premium as a percentage of the annual premium, and an estimation of the average amount invested shall be included in the information.

The details referred to in the first subparagraph shall also include an explanation of the impact of the insurance premium payments, equivalent to the estimated value of insurance benefits, on the returns of the investment for the retail investor.

5.The information relating to the term of the PRIIP in the section entitled ‘What is this product?’ of the key information document shall include all of the following:

1. the maturity date of the PRIIP or an indication that there is no maturity date;
2. an indication of whether the PRIIP manufacturer is entitled to terminate the PRIIP unilaterally;
3. a description of the circumstances under which the PRIIP can be automatically terminated, and the termination dates, if known.

Article 3

‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ section

1.In the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ of the key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall apply the methodology for the presentation of risk as set out in Annex II, include the technical aspects for the presentation of the summary risk indicator as set out in Annex III and comply with the technical guidance, the formats and the criteria for the presentation of performance information, as set out in Annex 4A.

1A.  By way of derogation from paragraph 1:

1. subject to sub-paragraph (b), a PRIIP manufacturer must ensure the summary risk indicator produced via application of the methodology set out in Annex II is appropriate and unlikely to mislead investors in the PRIIP, if necessary by increasing the summary risk indicator that would otherwise be assigned to the PRIIP under that methodology; and
2. in respect of a PRIIP which is issued by a venture capital trust, a PRIIP manufacturer must assign a summary risk indicator no lower than 6 or 7.

2.In the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ of the key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall include the following:

1. the level of risk of the PRIIP in the form of a risk class by using a summary risk indicator having a numerical scale from 1 to 7;
2. an explicit reference to any illiquid PRIIP or PRIIP with materially relevant liquidity risk, as defined in Part 4 of Annex II, in the form of a warning to this effect in the presentation of the summary risk indicator;
3. a narrative below the summary risk indicator explaining that if a PRIIP is denominated in a currency other than sterling, the return, when expressed in sterling, may change depending on currency fluctuations;
4. a brief description of the PRIIP's risk and reward profile and a warning to the effect that the risk of the PRIIP may be significantly higher than the one represented in the summary risk indicator where the PRIIP is not held to maturity or for the recommended holding period, where appropriate;
5. for PRIIPs with contractually agreed-upon early exit penalties or long disinvestment notice periods, a reference to the relevant underlying conditions in the section ‘How long should I hold it and can I take money out early?’;
6. an indication of the possible maximum loss, and information that the investment may be lost if it is not protected or where the PRIIP manufacturer is unable to pay out, or that necessary additional investment payments to the initial investment may be required and that the total loss may significantly exceed the total initial investment.

3.PRIIP manufacturers shall include appropriate information on investment performance, as set out in Annex 4A in the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ of the key information document. 

Article 4

‘What happens if [the name of the PRIIP manufacturer] is unable to pay out?’ section

PRIIP manufacturers shall include the following in the section entitled ‘What happens if [the name of the PRIIP manufacturer] is unable to pay out?’ of the key information document:

Article 5

‘What are the costs?’ section

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall apply the following in the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’ of the key information document:

1. the methodology for the calculation of costs set out in Annex VI;
2. the ‘Costs over time’ and ‘Composition of costs’ tables to information on costs, as set out in Annex VII in accordance with the relevant technical guidance therein.

2.In the ‘Costs over time’ table in the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’ of the key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the summary cost indicator of the total aggregated costs of the PRIIP as a single number in monetary and percentage terms for the different time periods set out in Annex VI.

3.In the ‘Composition of costs’ table in the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’ of the key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the following:

1. any one-off costs, as entry and exit costs, presented in percentage terms;
2. any recurring costs, as portfolio transaction costs per year, and other recurring costs per year, presented in percentage terms;
3. any incidental costs, such as performance fees or carried interest, presented in percentage terms.

4.PRIIP manufacturers shall insert a description of each of the different costs included in the ‘Composition of costs’ table in the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’ of the key information document, specifying where and how such costs may differ from the actual costs the retail investor may incur or may depend on the retail investor choosing to exercise or not exercise certain options.

Article 6

‘How long should I hold it and can I take my money out early?’ section

PRIIP manufacturers shall include the following in the section entitled ‘How long should I hold it and can I take my money out early?’ of the key information document:

Article 7

‘How can I complain?’ section

PRIIP manufacturers shall provide the following information in the section entitled ‘How can I complain?’ of the key information document, in summary format:

Article 8

‘Other relevant information’ section

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall indicate in the section entitled ‘Other relevant information’ of the key information document any additional information documents that may be provided, and whether such additional information documents are made available based on a legal requirement or only at the request of the retail investor.

2.The information included in the section entitled ‘Other relevant information’ of the key information document may be provided in summary format, including a link to the website where further details other than the documents referred to in paragraph 1 are made available.

Article 9

Template

PRIIP manufacturers shall present the key information document by means of the template laid down in Annex I. The template shall be completed in accordance with the requirements set out in this Delegated Regulation and in Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014.

CHAPTER II

SPECIFIC PROVISIONS ON THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Article 10

PRIIPs offering a range of options for investment

Where a PRIIP offers a range of underlying investment options, and the information regarding those underlying investment options cannot be provided within a single, concise, stand-alone key information document, PRIIP manufacturers shall produce one of the following:

Article 11

‘What is this product’ section in the generic key information document

In the section entitled ‘What is this product’ by way of derogation from paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 2, PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the following:

Article 12

‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ section in the generic key information document

1.In the section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’, by way of derogation from paragraphs 2(a) and 3 of Article 3, PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the following:

1. the range of risk classes of all underlying investment options offered within the PRIIP by using a summary risk indicator having a numerical scale from 1 to 7, as set out in Annex III,
2. a statement indicating that the risk and return of the investment varies on the basis of the underlying investment option;
3. a brief description on how the performance of the PRIIP as a whole depends on the underlying investment options;
4. an indication where the specific information on each underlying investment option is to be found.

2.Where PRIIP manufacturers use the key investor information document in accordance with Article 14(2), for the purposes of specifying the risk classes referred to in point (a) of paragraph 1, they shall use the synthetic risk and reward indicator pursuant to Article 8 of Regulation (EU) No 583/2010 (as it has effect in Gibraltar, the United Kingdom or the European Union, as the case may be) in relation to UCITS or non-UCITS funds as underlying investment options.

Article 13

‘What are the costs?’ section in the generic key information document

1.In the section entitled ‘What are the costs?’, by way of derogation from Article 5(1)(b), PRIIP manufacturers shall specify the following:

1. the range of costs for the PRIIP in the ‘Costs over time’ and ‘Composition of costs’ tables set out in Annex VII,
2. a statement indicating that the costs to the retail investor vary on the basis of the underlying investment option;
3. an indication where the specific information on each underlying investment option is to be found.

2.Notwithstanding the requirements laid down in Article 5(1)(a), and by way of derogation from points 12 to 20 of Annex VI, where PRIIP manufacturers use the key investor information document in accordance with Article 14(2), they may apply the methodology set out in point 21 of Annex VI to existing UCITS or non-UCITS funds.

3.Where PRIIP manufacturers use the key investor information document in accordance with Article 14(2) with UCITS or non-UCITS funds as the only underlying investment options, by way of derogation from Article 5, they may specify the range of charges for the PRIIP in accordance with Article 10 of Regulation (EU) No 583/2010 (as it has effect in Gibraltar, the United Kingdom or the European Union, as the case may be).

Article 14

Specific information on each underlying investment option

1.In relation to the specific information referred to in Articles 11, 12 and 13, PRIIP manufacturers shall include for each underlying investment option — all of the following:

1. a comprehension alert, where relevant;
2. the investment objectives, the means for achieving them, and the intended target market in accordance with paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 2;
3. a summary risk indicator and narrative, and performance information in accordance with Article 3;
4. a presentation of the costs in accordance with Article 5.

2.By way of derogation from paragraph 1, PRIIP manufacturers may use the key investor information document drawn up in accordance with Chapter 5 of Part 3 of the Financial Services (UCITS) Regulations 2020 to provide specific information for the purposes of Articles 11 to 13 of this Delegated Regulation where at least one of the underlying investment option referred to in paragraph 1 is a UCITS or non-UCITS fund referred to in Article 32 of Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014.

CHAPTER III

REVIEW AND REVISION OF THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Article 15

Review

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall review the information contained in the key information document every time there is a change that significantly affects or is likely to significantly affect the information contained in the key information document and, at least, every 12 months following the date of the initial publication of the key information document.

2.The review referred to in paragraph 1 shall verify whether the information contained in the key information document remains accurate, fair, clear, and non-misleading. In particular, it shall verify the following:

1. whether the information contained in the key information document is compliant with the general form and content requirements under Regulation (EU) No 1286/2014, or with the specific form and content requirements laid down in this Delegated Regulation;
2. whether the PRIIP's market risk or credit risk measures have changed, where such a change has the combined effect that necessitates the PRIIP's move to a different class of the summary risk indicator from that attributed in the key information document subject to review;
3. whether the performance information narrative continues to provide investors with a fair impression of how the PRIIP is likely to perform under an appropriately diverse and relevant range of market conditions.

3.For the purposes of paragraph 1, PRIIP manufacturers shall establish and maintain adequate processes throughout the life of the PRIIP where it remains available to retail investors to identify without undue delay any circumstances which might result in a change that affects or is likely to affect the accuracy, fairness or clarity of the information contained in the key information document.

Article 16

Revision

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall without undue delay revise the key information document where a review pursuant to Article 15 concludes that changes to the key information document need to be made.

2.PRIIP manufacturers shall ensure that all sections of the key information document affected by such changes are updated.

3.The PRIIP manufacturer shall publish the revised key information document on its website.

CHAPTER IV

DELIVERY OF THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

Article 17

Conditions on good time

1.The person advising on or selling a PRIIP shall provide the key information document sufficiently early so as to allow retail investors enough time to consider the document before being bound by any contract or offer relating to that PRIIP, regardless of whether or not the retail investor is provided with a cooling off period.

2.For the purposes of paragraph 1, the person advising on or selling a PRIIP shall assess the time needed by each retail investor to consider the key information document, taking into account the following:

1. the knowledge and experience of the retail investor with the PRIIP or with PRIIPs of a similar nature or with risks similar to those arising from the PRIIP;
2. the complexity of the PRIIP;
3. where the advice or sale is at the initiative of the retail investor, the urgency explicitly expressed by the retail investor of concluding the proposed contract or offer.

Article 18

Final Provision

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

It shall apply from 1 January 2018.

Article 14(2) shall apply until 31 December 2026.

ANNEX I

TEMPLATE FOR THE KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT

PRIIP manufacturers shall comply with the section order and titles set out in the template, which however does not fix parameters regarding the length of individual sections and the placing of page breaks, and is subject to an overall maximum of three sides of A4-sized paper when printed.

ANNEX II

METHODOLOGY FOR THE PRESENTATION OF RISK

PART 1

Market risk assessment

Determination of the market risk measure (MRM)

1.Market risk is measured by the annualised volatility corresponding to the value-at-risk (VaR) at a confidence level of 97,5 % over the recommended holding period, unless stated otherwise. The VaR is the percentage of the amount invested, that is returned to the retail investor.

2.The PRIIP shall be assigned a MRM class according to the following table:

Specification of PRIIP categories for the purposes of the market risk assessment

3.For the purposes of determining market risk, PRIIPs are divided into four categories.

4.Category 1 covers the following:

5.Category 2 covers PRIIPs which, either directly or on a synthetic basis, offer non-leveraged exposure to the prices of underlying investments, or a leveraged exposure on underlying investments that pays a constant multiple of the prices of those underlying investments, where at least 2 years of historical daily prices, or 4 years of historical weekly prices, or 5 years of monthly prices are available for the PRIIP, or where existing appropriate benchmarks or proxies are available, provided that such benchmarks or proxies fulfil the same criteria for the length and frequency of the price history.

6.Category 3 covers PRIIPs whose values reflect the prices of underlying investments, but not as a constant multiple of the prices of those underlying investments, where at least 2 years of daily prices of the underlying assets, 4 years of weekly prices or 5 years of monthly prices, or where existing appropriate benchmarks or proxies are available, provided that such benchmarks or proxies fulfil the same criteria for the length and frequency of the price history.

7.Category 4 covers PRIIPs whose values depend in part on factors not observed in the market, including insurance-based PRIIPs which distribute a portion of the PRIIP manufacturer's profits to retail investors.

Use of appropriate benchmarks or proxies to specify PRIIPs categories

(7A) Where appropriate benchmarks or proxies are used by a PRIIP manufacturer, those benchmarks or proxies shall be representative of the assets or exposures that determine the performance of the PRIIP. The PRIIP manufacturer shall document the use of such benchmarks or proxies and disclose them in the narrative performance information section of the key information document, as set out in Annex 4A.

MRM class determination for Category 1 PRIIPs

8.The MRM class for Category 1 PRIIPs shall be 7, with the exception of PRIIPs referred to in point 4(c) of this Annex, where the MRM class shall be 6.

MRM class determination for Category 2 PRIIPs

9.The VaR shall be calculated from the moments of the observed distribution of returns of the PRIIP's or its benchmark or proxy's price during the past 5 years. The minimum frequency of observations is monthly. Where prices are available on a daily basis, the frequency shall be daily. Where prices are available on a weekly basis, the frequency shall be weekly. Where prices are available on a bi-monthly basis, the frequency shall be bi-monthly.

10.Where data on daily prices covering a period of 5 years are not available, a shorter period may be used. For daily observations of a PRIIP's or its benchmark or proxy's price, there shall be at least 2 years of observed returns. For weekly observations of a PRIIP's price, there shall be at least 4 years of observed data. For monthly observations of a PRIIP's price, there shall be observed data covering a period of at least 5 years.

11.The return over each period is defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio of the price at the market close at the end of the current period to the market close at the end of the preceding period.

12.The VaR measure in return space is given by the Cornish-Fisher expansion, as follows:

where N is the number of trading periods in the recommended holding period; and σ, μ1, μ2 are respectively the volatility, skew and excess kurtosis measured from the return distribution. The volatility, skew and excess kurtosis are calculated from the measured moments of the distribution of returns in accordance with the following:

• the zero moment, M0 , is the count of the number of observations in the period as under point 10 of this Annex
• the first moment, M1 , is the mean of all the observed returns in the sample
• the second M2 , third M3 and fourth M4 moments are defined in the standard manner:
• ,
• ,
• ,

where ri is the return measured on the ith period in the history of returns.

• the volatility, σ, is given by .
• the skew, μ1, is equal to M3/σ3.
• the excess kurtosis, μ2, is equal to M4/σ4 – 3.

13.The VEV is given by:

where T is the length of the recommended holding period in years.

14.For PRIIPs that are managed according to investment policies or strategies that pursue certain reward objectives by participating through flexible investment in different financial asset classes (e.g. in both equity and fixed-income markets), the VEV that shall be used shall be determined as follows:

15.The PRIIP shall be assigned to a MRM class as laid down under point 2 of this Annex depending on the VEV. In the case of a PRIIP having only monthly price data, the MRM class assigned under point 2 of this Annex shall be increased by one additional class.

MRM class determination for Category 3 PRIIPs

16.The VaR in price space shall be calculated from a distribution of PRIIP values at the end of the recommended holding period. The distribution shall be obtained by simulating the price or prices, which determine the value of the PRIIP, at the end of the recommended holding period. The VaR shall be the value of the PRIIP at a confidence level of 97,5 % at the end of the recommended holding period discounted to the present date using the expected risk-free discount factor from the present date to the end of the recommended holding period.

17.The VEV is given by:

where T is the length of the recommended holding period in years. Only in cases where the product is called or cancelled before the end of the recommended holding period according to the simulation, the period in years until the call or cancellation is used in the calculation.

18.The PRIIP shall be assigned to a MRM class as laid down in point 2 of this Annex, depending on the VEV. In the case of a PRIIP having only monthly price data, the MRM class assigned under point 2 of this Annex shall be increased by one additional class.

19.The minimum number of simulations is 10 000.

20.The simulation is based on bootstrapping the expected distribution of prices or price levels for the PRIIP's underlying contracts from the observed distribution of returns for these contracts with replacement.

21.For the purposes of the simulation referred to in points 16 to 20 of this Annex, there are two types of market observables that may contribute to a PRIIP's value: spot prices (or price levels) and curves.

22.For each simulation of a spot price (or level), the PRIIP manufacturer shall:

1. calculate the return for each observed period in the past 5 years, or the years referred to in point 6 of this Annex, by taking the logarithm of the price at the end of each period divided by the price at the end of the previous period;
    
2. randomly select one observed period which corresponds to the return for all underlying contracts for each simulated period in the recommended holding period (the same observed period may be used more than once in the same simulation);
3. calculate the return for each contract by summing the returns from the selected periods and correcting this return to ensure that the expected return measured from the simulated distribution of returns is the risk-neutral expectation of the return over the recommended holding period. The final value of the return is given by:

Where:

• the second term corrects for the impact of the mean of the observed returns;
• the third term corrects for the impact of the variance of the observed returns;
• the last term corrects for the quanto impact if the strike currency is different from the asset currency. The terms contributing to the correction are as follows:
  • ρ is the correlation between the asset price and the relevant Fx rate — measured over the recommended holding period;
  • σ is the measured volatility of the asset;
  • σccy is the measured volatility of the Fx rate.

(d)   calculate the price of each underlying contract by taking the exponential of the return.

23.For curves, a principal component analysis (PCA) shall be performed to ensure that the simulation of the movements of each point on the curve over a long period results in a consistent curve.

24.For PRIIPS in Category 3 that are characterized by an unconditional protection of capital, the PRIIP manufacturer may assume that the VaR at a confidence level of 97,5 % is equal to the level of the unconditional capital protection at the end of the recommended holding period, discounted to the present date using the expected risk-free discount factor.

MRM class determination for Category 4 PRIIPs

25.Where the PRIIP performance depends on a factor or factors unobserved in the market or to some extent under the control of the PRIIP manufacturer, or this is the case for a component of the PRIIP, the PRIIP manufacturer shall follow the method in this section to account for this factor or factors.

26.The different components of the PRIIP that contribute to the performance of the PRIIP shall be identified, in order for those components that are not wholly or partly dependent on a factor or factors that are unobserved in the market to be treated according to the relevant methods set out in this Annex for Category 1, 2 or 3 PRIIPs. For each of these components a VEV shall be calculated.

27.The component of the PRIIP that depends wholly or partly on a factor or factors that are unobserved in the market shall follow robust and well recognised industry and regulatory standards for determining relevant expectations as to the future contribution of these factors and the uncertainty that may exist in respect of that contribution. Where the component is not wholly dependent on a factor that is unobserved in the market, a bootstrap methodology shall be used to account for the market factors, as set out for Category 3 PRIIPs. The VEV for the component of the PRIIP shall be the result of the combination of the bootstrap methodology and robust and well recognised industry and regulatory standards for determining relevant expectations as to the future contribution of these factors that are unobserved in the market.

28.The VEV of each component of the PRIIP shall be weighted proportionally in order to arrive at an overall VEV of the PRIIP. When weighing the components, product features shall be taken into account. Where relevant, product algorithms mitigating the market risk as well as specificities of the with-profit component shall be considered.

29.For Category 4 PRIIPs that are characterized by an unconditional protection of capital, the PRIIP manufacturer may assume that VaR at a confidence level of 97,5 % is equal to the level of unconditional capital protection at the end of the recommended holding period, discounted to the present date using the expected risk-free discount factor.

PART 2

Methodology for assessing credit risk

I.GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

30.A PRIIP or its underlying investments or exposures shall be taken to entail credit risk where the return of the PRIIP or its underlying investments or exposures depends on the creditworthiness of a manufacturer or party bound to make, directly or indirectly, relevant payments to the investor. A PRIIP with a MRM of 7 is not required to assess credit risk.

31.Where an entity directly engages to make a payment to a retail investor for a PRIIP, credit risk shall be assessed for the entity that is the direct obligor.

32.If all payment obligations of an obligor or one or more indirect obligors are unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by another entity (the guarantor), the credit risk assessment of the guarantor can be used if it is more favourable than the credit risk assessment of the respective obligor or obligors.

33.For PRIIPs which are exposed to underlying investments or techniques, including PRIIPs which themselves entail credit risk or in turn make underlying investments that entail credit risk, the credit risk shall be assessed in relation to the credit risk entailed both by the PRIIP itself and the underlying investments or exposures (including exposures to other PRIIPs), on a look-through basis and adopting a cascade assessment where necessary.

34.Where the credit risk is entailed solely at the level of underlying investments or exposures (including to other PRIIPs), the credit risk shall not be assessed at the level of the PRIIP itself but instead at the level of these underlying investments or exposures on a look-through basis. Where the PRIIP is an Undertaking for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities (UCITS) or an Alternative Investment Fund (AIF), the UCITS or AIF itself shall be taken to entail no credit risk, whereas the underlying investments or exposures of the UCITS or AIF shall be assessed where necessary.

35.Where a PRIIP is exposed to multiple underlying investments entailing a credit risk exposure, the credit risk entailed by each underlying investment representing an exposure of 10 % or more of the total assets or value of the PRIIP shall be separately assessed.

36.Underlying investments or exposures to exchange-traded derivatives or cleared OTC derivatives shall be assumed for the purposes of the credit risk assessment to carry no credit risk. No credit risk shall be taken to be entailed where an exposure is fully and appropriately collateralised, or where uncollateralised exposures that entail credit risk amount to less than 10 % of the total assets or value of the PRIIP.

II.CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT

Credit assessment of obligors

37.Where available, a PRIIP manufacturer shall define ex-ante one or more external credit assessment institutions (ECAI) certified or registered in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009 of the European Parliament and the Council (as it has effect in Gibraltar, the United Kingdom or the European Union, as the case may be) whose credit assessments will consistently be referred to for the purpose of the credit risk assessment. Where multiple credit assessments are available according to that policy, the median rating shall be used, defaulting to the lower of the two middle values in case of an even number of assessments.

37A.The ability of a PRIIP manufacturer to define an ECAI certified or registered in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009 (as it has effect in the European Union) for the purpose of the credit risk assessment shall not otherwise affect the application of Article 4(1) of that Regulation (as it has effect in the European Union) to a PRIIP manufacturer to which it also applies.

38.The level of credit risk of the PRIIP and each relevant obligor shall be assessed on the basis of, as applicable:

Allocation of credit assessments to credit quality steps

39.The allocation of credit assessments of ECAIs to an objective scale of credit quality steps shall be based on Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1800.

40.In the case of credit risks assessed on a look-through basis, the credit quality step assigned shall correspond to the weighted average credit quality steps of each relevant obligor for which a credit assessment needs to be undertaken, in proportion to the total assets they respectively represent.

41.In the case of credit risks assessed on a cascade basis, all credit risk exposures shall be separately assessed, per layer, and the credit quality step assigned shall be the highest credit quality step, being understood that between a credit quality step set at 1 and a credit quality step set at 3, the higher of the two is 3.

42.The credit quality step pursuant to point 38 of this Annex shall be adjusted to the maturity or recommended holding period of the PRIIP, according to the following table, except where a credit assessment has been assigned that reflects that maturity or recommended holding period):

43.If the obligor has no external credit assessments, the default credit assessment as referred to in point 38 of this Annex shall be:

III.CREDIT RISK MEASURE

44.A PRIIP shall be allocated to a credit risk measure (CRM) on a scale ranging from 1 to 6 on the basis of the mapping table laid down in point 45 of this Annex and by applying the credit risk mitigating factors under points 46, 47, 48 and 49 of this Annex, or the credit risk escalating factors under points 50 and 51 of this Annex, as appropriate.

45.Table on the mapping of credit quality steps into a CRM:

46.The CRM may be assigned as 1 where the assets of a PRIIP or appropriate collateral, or assets backing the payment obligation of the PRIIP, are:

47.The CRM may be assigned as 2 where the assets of a PRIIP or appropriate collateral, or assets backing the payment obligation of the PRIIP, are:

48.Where credit risk is to be assessed on a look-through or cascade basis, the mitigation factors under point 46 and 47 of this Annex may also be applied when assessing credit risk in relation to each underlying obligor.

49.Where a PRIIP is not able to satisfy the criteria under point 47 of this Annex, the CRM pursuant to point 45 of this Annex may be reduced by one class where the claims of retail investors have priority over the claims of ordinary creditors, as set out in regulation 99 of the Financial Services (Recovery and Resolution) Regulations 2020, of the PRIIP manufacturer or party bound to make, directly or indirectly, relevant payments to the investor, in so far as the obligor is subject to relevant prudential requirements in respect of ensuring an appropriate matching of assets and liabilities.

50.The CRM pursuant to point 45 of this Annex shall be increased by two classes where the claim of a retail investor is subordinate to the claims of senior creditors.

51.The CRM pursuant to point 45 of this Annex shall be increased by three classes where a PRIIP is part of the own funds of the PRIIP obligor, as defined in Article 4(1)(118) of Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (as it has effect in Gibraltar or the European Union, as the case may be) or in regulation 85 of the Financial Services (Insurance Companies) Regulations 2020.

PART 3

Aggregation of market and credit risk into the summary risk indicator

52.The overall summary risk indicator (SRI) is assigned according to the combination of the CRM and the MRM classes, in accordance with the following table:

Monitoring data with relevance for the summary risk indicator

53.The PRIIP manufacturer shall monitor market data relevant to the calculation of the MRM class and, if the MRM class changes to a different MRM class, the PRIIP manufacturer shall attribute the corresponding MRM class to the MRM class which the PRIIP has matched for the majority of the reference points over the preceding four months.

54.The PRIIP manufacturer shall also monitor credit risk criteria relevant to the calculation of the CRM and, if according to these criteria the CRM would change to a different CRM class, the PRIIP shall re-attribute the CRM to the relevant CRM class.

55.A review of the MRM class shall always be carried out following a decision by the PRIIP manufacturer in respect of the PRIIP's investment policy and/or strategy. In those circumstances, any changes to the MRM shall be understood as a new determination of the PRIIP's MRM class, and consequently, be carried out according to the general rules concerning the determination of an MRM class for the PRIIP category.

PART 4

Liquidity risk

56.A PRIIP shall be considered as having a materially relevant liquidity risk where either of the following criteria are fulfilled:

57.A PRIIP shall be considered illiquid, whether contractually or not, if either of the following criteria are fulfilled:

58.A PRIIP shall be considered liquid in all other cases.

ANNEX III

PRESENTATION OF SRI

Presentation format

1.PRIIP manufacturers shall use the format below for the presentation of the SRI in the key information document. The relevant number shall be highlighted as shown depending on the SRI for the PRIIP.

Completion guidance with regard to the SRI

2.The narrative explanation after the SRI shall briefly explain the purpose of the SRI and the underlying risks.

3.Immediately below the SRI, the time frame of the recommended holding period shall be indicated. In addition, a warning shall be included directly below the SRI in the following cases:

4.As applicable for each PRIIP, the narrative explanation shall include:

5.For PRIIPs offering a range of options for investment, PRIIP manufacturers shall use the format referred to point 1 of this Annex for the presentation of the SRI, indicating all of the risk classes offered from the lowest risk class to the highest risk class.

6.For derivative-based PRIIPs Elements A, B, and, where relevant, H, shall be included. 

Narrative explanations

7.For the purposes of the SRI presentation, including point 4 of this Annex, the following narrative explanations shall be used, as appropriate:

• [Element A] The summary risk indicator is a guide to the level of risk of this product compared to other products. It shows how likely it is that the product will lose money because of movements in the markets or because we are not able to pay you.
• [Element B] We have classified this product as [1/2/3/4/5/6/7] out of 7, which is [1=‘the lowest’/2=‘a low’/3=‘a medium-low’/4=‘a medium’/5=‘a medium-high’/6=‘the second-highest’/7=‘the highest’] risk class.
• [In addition, insert a brief explanation of the classification of the product with a maximum of 300 characters in plain language]
• [An example explanation: This rates the potential losses from future performance at a [1=‘very low’/2=‘low’/3=‘medium-low’/4=‘medium’/5=‘medium-high’/6=‘high’/7=‘very high’] level, and poor market conditions [1, 2=‘are very unlikely to’/3=‘are unlikely to’/4=‘could’/5=‘will likely’/6=‘are very likely to’] impact [our] [the] capacity [of X] to pay you].
• [[Where applicable:] Element C, in bold] Be aware of currency risk. You will receive payments in a different currency, so the final return you will get depend on the exchange rate between the two currencies. This risk is not considered in the indicator shown above.
• [[Where applicable:] Element D] In some circumstances you may be required to make further payments to pay for losses. (in bold) The total loss you may incur may significantly exceed the amount invested.
• [Where applicable:] [Element E] [Other risks materially relevant to the PRIIP not included in the summary risk indicator to be explained with a maximum of 400 characters]
• [Where applicable:] [Element F] [You are entitled to receive back at least [insert %] of your capital. Any amount over this, and any additional return, depends on future market performance and is uncertain.]
• [Where applicable:] [Element G] [However, this protection against future market performance will not apply if you [..]
• [Where early exit conditions apply] cash-in before [… years/months/days]]
• [Where ongoing payments must be made] fail to make your payments in time.
• [Where other limitations apply: explain these in a maximum of […] characters in plain language.]
• [Where applicable:] [Element H] [This product does not include any protection from future market performance so you could lose some or all of your investment.]
• [Where applicable:] [Element I] [If (we) (are) not able to pay you what is owed, you could lose your entire investment.]
• [Where applicable:] [Element J] [However, you may benefit from a consumer protection scheme (see the section ‘what happens if we are unable to pay you’). The indicator shown above does not consider this protection.]

ANNEX IV

ANNEX 4A

PERFORMANCE INFORMATION

1.  The section entitled ‘What are the risks and what could I get in return?’ of the PRIIP’s key information document must include appropriate performance information summarising, in narrative form, the main drivers of investment performance for the PRIIP.

2.  The PRIIP manufacturer must ensure the performance information is:

1. accurate, fair, clear, non-misleading and likely to be understood by the retail investors to whom the PRIIP may be offered;
2. compatible with the information stating the objectives of the PRIIP disclosed in accordance with article 2(2);
3. likely to be useful to retail investors in assessing the prospects for future returns of investment in the PRIIP as well as comparing it with other PRIIPs; and
4. supported by objective data.

3.  The information must, as a minimum, include the following elements:

1. a description of the main factors likely to affect future returns for the investor, identifying those most likely to determine the outcome of the investment and other factors which could have a material impact on performance;
2. identification of the most relevant index, benchmark, target, or proxy, as applicable, along with an explanation of how the PRIIP is likely to compare in terms of performance and volatility;
3. under a sub-heading ‘what could affect my return positively?’, a brief explanation of the kinds of conditions that would be conducive to the PRIIP generating higher returns;
4. under a sub-heading ‘what could affect my return negatively?’, a brief explanation of the kinds of conditions whereby the PRIIP is likely to generate lower returns or lead to investment loss; and
5. a brief description of what outcome the investor may expect where the PRIIP matures or is redeemed or encashed under severely adverse market conditions.

ANNEX V

Omitted

ANNEX VI

METHODOLOGY FOR THE CALCULATION OF COSTS

PART 1

List of costs

I.LIST OF COSTS OF INVESTMENTS FUNDS (AIFs AND UCITS)

Costs to be disclosed

One-off costs

1.A one-off cost is an entry or exit cost which is either:

2.One-off costs are costs borne by the retail investor that are not deducted from the assets of the AIF or UCITS.

3.One-off costs include, but are not limited to, the following types of up-front initial costs that shall be taken into account in the cost amount to be disclosed in the key information document:

Recurring Costs

4.Recurring costs are payments deducted from the assets of an AIF or UCITS, and represent the following:

5.Recurring costs include, but are not limited to, the following types of costs that are deducted from the assets of the AIF or UCITS, and shall be taken into account in the cost amount to be disclosed in the key information document:

Incidental costs

6.The following types of incidental costs shall be taken into account in the amount to be disclosed:

Calculation of specific types of costs of investments funds

Transaction costs

7.Transaction costs shall be calculated on an annualised basis, based on an average of the transaction costs incurred by the PRIIP over the previous three years, with the average taken from all transactions. Where the PRIIP has been operating for less than three years, transaction costs shall be calculated using the methodology set out in points 21 to 23 of this Annex.

8.The aggregate transaction costs for a PRIIP shall be calculated as the sum of the transaction costs as calculated in accordance with points 9 to 23A of this Annex in the base currency of the PRIIP for all individual transactions undertaken by the PRIIP in the specified period. This sum shall be converted into a percentage by dividing by the average net assets of the PRIIP over the same period.

9.When calculating the transaction costs incurred by the PRIIP over the previous three years, actual transaction costs must be calculated using the methodology described in points 12 to 18 of this Annex for investments in the following instruments:

10.Estimates of transaction costs using the methodology described below in points 19 to 20 of this Annex must be used for investments in other instruments or assets. Transaction costs associated with non-financial assets must be calculated in accordance with point 20A of this Annex. 

Treatment of anti-dilution mechanisms

11.Where a PRIIP has a pricing mechanism that offsets the impact of dilution from transactions in the PRIIP itself, the amount of benefit accruing to the ongoing holders of the PRIIP from anti-dilution mechanisms may be deducted from the transaction costs incurred within the PRIIP using the following methodology:

(11A) A PRIIP manufacturer must provide information about the total benefit derived from an anti-dilution mechanism as part of or alongside the breakdown of identifiable transaction costs (see Annex I, ‘What are the costs?’).

Actual transaction costs

12.The actual transaction costs for each transaction shall be calculated on the following basis:

13.The net realised execution price shall be determined as the price at which the transaction is executed, including all charges, commissions, taxes and other payments (such as anti-dilution levies) associated with the transaction, either directly or indirectly, where those payments are made from the assets of the PRIIP.

14.The arrival price shall be determined as the mid-market price of the investment at the time when the order to transact is transmitted to another person. For orders that are transacted on a day that is not the day that the order was originally transmitted to another person, the arrival price shall be determined as the opening price of the investment on the day of the transaction or, where the opening price is not available, the previous closing price. Where a price is not available at the time when the order to transact is transmitted to another person, the arrival price shall be determined as the most recently available price or, where a recent price is not available, a justifiable independent price or, where a justifiable independent price is not available, the opening price on the day of the transaction or, where the opening price is not available, the previous closing price. Where an order is executed without being transmitted to another person, the arrival price shall be determined as the mid-market price of the investment at the time when the transaction was executed.

15.Where information about the time when the order to transact is transmitted to another person is not available (or not available to a sufficient level of accuracy), or where information about the price at that time is not available, a justifiable independent price may be used as the arrival price or, where a justifiable independent price is not available, the opening price of the investment on the day of the transaction or, where the opening price is not available, the previous closing price.

16.Costs associated with transactions undertaken by PRIIPs and concerning financial instruments that fall within one of the categories referred to in paragraphs 46(4) to (10) of Schedule 2 to the Financial Services Act 2019 shall be calculated in the following way:

17.In calculating the costs associated with foreign exchange, the arrival price must reflect a reasonable estimate of the consolidated price, and must not simply be the price available from a single counterparty or foreign exchange platform, even if an agreement exists to undertake all foreign exchange transactions with a single counterparty.

18.In calculating the costs associated with orders that are initially entered into an auction, the arrival price shall be calculated as the mid-price immediately prior to the auction. In calculating the costs associated with orders that are executed at a predetermined time, the arrival price shall be calculated at that pre-determined time, even if the order has been transmitted for execution before that time. 

Transactions executed on an over-the-counter basis

18A. By way of derogation from points 12 to 16 of this Annex for transactions executed on an over-the-counter basis, the actual transaction costs shall be calculated in the following way:

1. Where a transaction is executed after bid prices and offer prices have been obtained from more than one potential counterparty, the arrival price shall be determined as:
   1. the mid-point between the best bid price and best offer price, where the best bid price is below the best offer price;
   2. the best bid price in the case of a sale or the best offer price in the case of a purchase, where the best bid price is higher than the best offer price.
2. Where a transaction is executed without both bid prices and offer prices having been obtained, the transaction cost shall be calculated by multiplying the number of units transacted by half the value of the spread between the bid price and the offer price of the instrument. The value of that spread shall be calculated on the following basis:
   1. from a composite of live market bid/offer quotes, where available;

   2. where live market quotes are not available they shall be obtained by reference to spreads from either:                     
      
      (aa)     previous transactions in assets bearing similar characteristics (duration, maturity, coupon, call-/put-ability) and liquidity, using transactions previously executed by the PRIIP manufacturer; or               
      
      (bb)     data verified by an independent third party or an asset valuation from an independent third party.

Transaction costs for other assets

19.When estimating transaction costs for assets other than assets as referred to in point 9 of this Annex, the methodology in point 12 of this Annex shall be used and the arrival price shall be calculated as follows:

20.The transaction cost estimate must not be less than the amount of actual identifiable costs directly associated with the transaction.

20A. When calculating the costs associated with non-financial assets, the transaction costs shall be calculated as the aggregate of the actual costs directly associated with that transaction, including all charges, commissions, taxes and other payments (such as anti-dilution levies), where those costs are made from the assets of the PRIIP. In the case of cost depreciation over a period specified in the PRIIP’s accounting policies, actual costs shall be equal to the cost amounts depreciated over the last three years.

Transaction costs for new PRIIPs

21.For PRIIPs that have been operating for less than 3 years and that invest predominantly in assets as referred to in point 9 of this Annex, transaction costs may be calculated either by multiplying an estimate of portfolio turnover in each asset class with the costs calculated according to the methodology referred to in point (c), or as an average of the actual transaction costs incurred during the period of operation and a standardised estimate on the following basis:

22.Estimates of portfolio turnover for a PRIIP that has been operating for less than one year must be made on a consistent basis with the investment policy disclosed in the offering documents. Estimates of portfolio turnover for a PRIIP that has been operating for more than one year must be consistent with actual portfolio turnover.

23.For PRIIPs that have been operating for less than three years and that invest predominantly in assets other than assets as referred to in point 9 of this Annex, the PRIIP manufacturer shall estimate the transaction costs on the basis of the fair value method using comparable assets.

Low number of transactions and other similar cases

23A. By way of derogation from points 12 to 18 of this Annex, transaction costs may be calculated using the methodology described in point 21(b) of this Annex where one or more of the following conditions is met:

1. the PRIIP undertook a very low number of transactions over the previous three years;
2. the total value for all transactions undertaken over the previous three years accounts for a very low percentage of the net asset value of the PRIIP;
3. the estimate of total transaction costs is not significant as compared to the estimate of the total costs.

Use of data prior to 31 December 2029

23B. Until 31 December 2029, transaction costs may be calculated using the methodology laid down in point 21 of this Annex for PRIIPs that are UCITS or AIFs.

23C. Until 31 December 2029, where an insurance-based investment product invests in a UCITS or AIF, the transaction costs for those investments may be calculated using the methodology laid down in point 21 of this Annex.

Performance related fees

24.To calculate performance related fees, the following steps shall be taken:

Carried interests

25.To calculate carried interests, the following steps shall be taken:

26.If no carried interests are taken throughout the investment, a warning needs to accompany the indication of zero carried interests in the composition of costs table in order to clarify that a payment of x % of the final return shall take place subsequently to the exit of the investment.

II.LIST OF COSTS OF PRIPS OTHER THAN INVESTMENT FUNDS

Costs to be disclosed

One-off costs

27.A one-off cost is an entry and exit cost which include initial charges, commissions or any other amount paid directly by the retail investor or deducted from a payment received by or due to the retail investor.

28.One-off costs are borne by a PRIP other than an investment fund, whether they represent expenses necessarily incurred in its operation, or the remuneration of any party connected with it or providing services to it.

One-off entry costs and charges

29.One-off entry costs and charges include, but are not limited to, the following types that shall be taken into account in the cost amount to be disclosed for PRIPs other than investment funds:

One-off exit costs and charges

30.One-off exit costs and charges include, but are not limited to, the following types that shall be taken into account in the amount to be disclosed for PRIPs other than investment funds:

Recurring Costs

31.Recurring costs are payments regularly deducted from all payments due to the retail investor or from the amount invested.

32.Recurring costs include all types of cost borne by a PRIP other than an investment fund whether they represent expenses necessarily incurred in its operation, or the remuneration of any party connected with it or providing services to it.

33.The following list is indicative but not exhaustive of the types of recurring charge that, where they are deducted or charged separately, shall be taken into account in the amount to be disclosed:

Costs of PRIPs that are derivative-based PRIIPs 

34.One-off exit costs and charges are exchange fees, clearing fees and settlement fees where known.

35.Recurring costs are hedging costs borne under normal market conditions and stressed market conditions.

Calculation of implicit costs of PRIPs other than investment funds

36.For the purposes of the calculation of the implicit costs embedded in PRIPs, the PRIIP manufacturer shall refer to the issue price and, after the subscription period, to the price available to purchase the product on a secondary market.

37.The difference between the price and the fair value of the product is considered as an estimation of the total entry costs included in the price. If the PRIIP manufacturer is unable to distinguish the relevant implicit costs to be disclosed as referred to in point 29 of this Annex using the difference between the price and the fair value, it shall liaise with the issuer of the different components of the product, or the relevant body, in order to gather the relevant information on those costs.

38.Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction in the principal (or most advantageous) market at the measurement date under current market conditions (i.e. an exit price) regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique.

39.The fair value policy that governs the measurement of the fair value shall set a series of rules including in the following areas:

40.The rules referred to in point 39 of this Annex shall aim at outlining a valuation process that:

41.The fair value of a structured product shall be determined on the basis of:

42.If the fair value cannot be derived from market prices, it shall be calculated using a valuation technique that is able to represent properly the different factors affecting the product payoff structure making maximum use of market data.

43.The valuation technique referred to in point 42 of this Annex shall consider the following according to the complexity of the product:

44.In the case of subscription products, the fair value shall be calculated on the date when the product terms are determined. This valuation date shall be close to the beginning of the subscription period. Where long offering periods or high market volatility exists, a criterion to update cost information shall be defined.

45.Where preliminary terms are used, costs shall be calculated by using the minimum terms of the product.

46.Where variable subscription prices are used, a procedure on how to incorporate and disclose the cost effect of the varying subscription price shall be defined.

III.LIST OF COSTS OF INSURANCE-BASED INVESTMENT PRODUCTS

Costs to be disclosed

One-off costs

47.A one-off cost is an entry and exit cost which includes initial charges, commissions or any other amount paid directly by the retail investor or deducted from the first payment or from a limited number of payments due to the retail investor or from a payment upon redemption or termination of the product.

48.One-off costs are borne by an insurance-based investment product, whether they represent expenses necessarily incurred in its operation, or the remuneration of any party connected with it or providing services to it.

49.One-off costs include, but are not limited to, the following types of entry costs and charges that shall be taken into account in the amount to be disclosed for insurance-based investment products:

Recurring costs

50.Recurring costs are payments regularly deducted from all payments from the retail investor or from the amount invested or amounts that are not allocated to the retail investor according to a profit sharing mechanism.

51.The recurring costs include all types of costs borne by an insurance-based investment product whether they represent expenses necessarily incurred in its operation, or the remuneration of any party connected with it or providing services to it.

52.The following list is indicative but not exhaustive of the types of recurring charge that shall be taken into account in the amount of the ‘Other ongoing costs’ in table 2 of Annex VII:

53.Where an insurance-based investment product invests a part of its assets in UCITS or AIFs, in a PRIIP other than UCITS or AIFs or in an investment product other than a PRIIP, points 5(l), 5(m) and 5(n) of this Annex shall be applied respectively.

Cost disclosure of the biometric risk premium of insurance based investment products

Costs part of biometric risk premiums

54.Biometric risk premiums are those premiums paid directly by the retail investor or deducted from the amounts credited to the mathematical provision or from the participation bonus of the insurance policy, that are intended to cover the statistical risk of benefit payments from insurance coverage.

55.The fair value of biometric risk premiums is the expected present value, according to the interest rates referred to in point 71(a) of this Annex, of the future benefit payments from insurance coverage taking into account the following:

56.Best estimate assumptions on future benefit payments from insurance coverage shall be set in a realistic way.

57.The estimated future benefit payments shall not include prudency margins or costs for the management of the insurance cover.

58.For manufacturers within the scope of the Financial Services (Insurance Companies) Regulations 2020 these best estimate assumptions shall be consistent with the respective assumptions used for the calculation of the technical provisions in the Solvency II balance sheet.

59.The cost part of biometric risk premiums is the difference between biometric risk premiums charged to the retail investor referred to in point 54 of this Annex and the fair value of the biometric risk premiums referred to in point 55 of this Annex.

60.A PRIIP manufacturer may include the full biometric risk premiums in the calculation of one-off costs or recurring costs in the place of the cost part of those premiums.

PART 2

Summary cost indicators and compound effect of the costs

I.SUMMARY COST INDICATORS

61.The summary cost indicator of the PRIIP is the reduction of the yield due to total costs calculated in accordance with points 70 to 72 of this Annex.

62.For the calculation of the summary cost indicator the costs to be disclosed referred to in point 72 of this Annex shall be the total costs. This shall equal for investment funds the sum of the costs as referred to in points 1 and 2 of this Annex plus the sum of the costs as referred to in points 4 and 6 of this Annex; for PRIPs other than investment funds, except derivative-based PRIIPs, the sum of the costs as referred to in points 27 and 28 of this Annex plus the sum of the costs as referred to in points 31 and 32 of this Annex; for derivative-based PRIIPs, the sum of the costs as referred to in points 34 and 35 of this Annex; and for insurance-based investment products, the sum of the costs as referred to in points 47 and 48 plus the sum of the costs as referred to in points 50 and 51 of this Annex. The total costs shall also include exit penalties, where relevant.

One-off costs and one-off costs ratios

63.The entry and exit costs ratio of the PRIIP shall be the reduction of the annual yield due to entry and exit costs calculated according to points 70 to 72 of this Annex.

64.For the calculation of the entry and exit costs ratio the costs to be disclosed referred to in point 72 of this Annex shall for investments funds be the entry and exit costs according to points 1 and 2 of this Annex; points 27 and 28 of this Annex for PRIPs other than investment funds, except derivative-based PRIIPs; point 35 for derivative-based PRIIPs; and points 47 and 48 of this Annex for insurance-based investment products. Exit costs shall also include exit penalties, where relevant.

Recurring costs, portfolio transaction costs and insurance costs/other recurring costs ratios

65.The portfolio transaction costs, insurance costs and other recurring costs ratio of the PRIIP shall be the reduction of the annual yield due to portfolio transaction costs and other recurring costs calculated according to points 70 to 72 of this Annex.

66.For the calculation of the portfolio transaction costs ratio and the insurance costs ratio the following shall apply:

67.The other recurring costs ratio shall be the reduction of the annual yield due to other recurring costs that is calculated as the difference between the summary cost indicator according to point 61 of this Annex and the sum of the one-off costs ratio, according to point 63 of this Annex, plus portfolio transaction costs ratio, according to point 66(a), plus insurance costs ratio, according to point 66(b) of this Annex, plus the incidental costs ratios, according to point 68 of this Annex.

Incidental costs and incidental costs ratios (performance fees and carried interests ratio)

68.For the calculation of the performance fees ratio, the cost to be disclosed referred to in point 72 shall be the portfolio incidental costs according to point 6(a) of this Annex for investment funds. For the calculation of the carried interests ratio, the cost to be disclosed referred to in point 72 of this Annex shall be the portfolio incidental costs according to point 6(b) of this Annex for investment funds.

69.The ‘ongoing costs’, ‘performance fees’ and ‘carried interests’ as referred to in Annex VII are respectively the ‘recurring costs’, ‘performance fees ratio’ and ‘carried interests ratio’ as referred to in this Annex and in Article 5.

Calculation of summary cost indicator

70.The summary cost indicator shall be calculated as the difference between two percentages i and r where r is the annual internal rate of return in relation to gross payments by the retail investor and estimated benefit payments to the retail investor during the recommended holding period and i is the annual internal rate of return for the respective cost free scenario.

71.The estimation of future benefit payments under point 70 of this Annex shall be based on the following assumptions:

72.For the purpose of the calculation of the cost free scenario as referred to in point 70 of this Annex the following shall apply:

Specific requirements for PRIPs other than investment funds

73.For the purpose of the calculation of the cost free scenario as referred to in point 70 of this Annex for PRIPs other than investment funds, gross payments by the retail investor from the calculation of r, as referred to in point 72 of this Annex, shall be reduced by the costs to be disclosed.

Specific requirements for insurance-based investment products

74.For the purpose of the calculations described in points 70 to 72 of this Annex, it shall be assumed that, for insurance-based investment products, no payments resulting from insurance coverage occur during the holding period. That is to say, the calculation of the summary cost indicator shall be solely based on estimated endowment benefit payments.

75.To the extent recurring and one-off costs are covered by explicit costs that are a fixed part of the premium calculation of the product the calculation of recurring and one-off costs shall be based on these explicit costs.

76.For profit participation for insurance based investment products the following shall apply:

Calculation of ratios

Anti-double counting principle

77.If one type of cost is covered by two or more types of costs as referred to in this Annex, that type of cost shall only be accounted for once in the calculation of the indicators (ratios) which are based on it.

Other specifications

78.The ratios shall be expressed as a percentage to two decimal places.

79.The ratios shall be calculated at least once a year.

80.The ratios shall be based on the most recent cost calculations which the PRIIP manufacturer has determined. Without prejudice to point 77 of this Annex, the costs are assessed on an ‘all taxes included’ basis.

As for investment funds the following shall apply:

81.Apart from the first calculation for a new PRIIP, and if not stated otherwise, the ratios shall be calculated at least once a year, on an ex-post basis. Where it is considered unsuitable to use the ex-post figure because of a material change, an estimate may be used instead until reliable ex-post figures reflecting the impact of the material change become available.

82.The ex-post figures shall be based on recent cost calculations which the PRIIP manufacturer has determined on reasonable grounds to be appropriate for that purpose. The figures may be based on the costs set out in the PRIIP's statement of operations published in its latest annual or half-yearly report, if that statement is sufficiently recent. It it is not sufficiently recent, a comparable calculation based on the costs charged during a more recent 12-month period shall be used instead.

83.Information about the ratios that were applicable during previous years/periods shall be published at the location which is specified in the key information document as the general source of further information for investors who require it.

84.Where the costs attributable to an underlying UCITS or AIF are to be taken into account the following shall apply:

Calculation methodology for new PRIIPs

85.In place of ex-post data, estimates shall be used in the calculation of the different types of costs. Such estimates shall be carried out by adopting as proxies either a comparable PRIIP or a peer group.

86.For PRIIPs which charge a fixed all-inclusive fee, that fee shall be used provided it includes all costs to be presented under the PRIIPs cost disclosure requirements.

87.For PRIIPs which set a cap or maximum on the amount that can be charged, and provided it includes all costs to be presented under the PRIIPs cost disclosure requirements, that cap or maximum shall be used instead so long as the PRIIP manufacturer gives a commitment to respect the published figure and to absorb any costs that would otherwise cause it to be exceeded.

88.If, in the PRIIP manufacturer's opinion, expressing a figure to two decimal places would be likely to suggest a spurious degree of accuracy to investors, it shall be sufficient to express that figure to one decimal place.

89.The PRIIP manufacturer shall ensure that the accuracy of the estimated figure is kept under review. The PRIIP manufacturer shall determine when it is appropriate to begin using ex-post figures rather than an estimate; but in any case it shall, no later than 12 months after the date on which the PRIIP was first offered for sale in or from Gibraltar, review the accuracy of the estimate by calculating a figure on an ex-post basis.

II.COMPOUND EFFECT OF THE COSTS

Common requirements to all types of PRIIPs

90.The table(s) referred to in Article 5 shall contain an indication of the total costs in monetary and percentage terms for the case that the retail investor invests, respectively €10,000 (for all PRIIPs except regular premium insurance-based investment products), or €1,000 yearly (for regular premium insurance-based investment products) during different holding periods, including the recommended holding period. The cost scenarios must be shown using the following holding periods:

1. For PRIIPs with a recommended holding period between one and three years, costs shall be shown at two different holding periods: at the end of the first year and at the end of the recommended holding period;
2. For PRIIPs with a recommended holding period of three years or more, costs shall be shown at three holding periods: at the end of the first year, after half the recommended holding period rounded up to the end of the nearest year, and at the end of the recommended holding period;
3. For PRIIPs with a recommended holding period of one year or less, no costs for intermediate holding periods shall be shown.

Where a product is considered not to have an alternative liquidity facility promoted by the PRIIP manufacturer or a third party, or where there is an absence of liquidity arrangements, or for derivative-based PRIIPs, that indication of costs may be shown only at maturity or at the end of the recommended holding period.

91.Where the currency of the PRIIP is not in Euros, an amount of a similar magnitude to those set out in point 90 of this Annex and which is cleanly divisible by 1 000 shall be used.

92.The total costs shall include one-off, recurring and incidental costs, and, where relevant, exit penalties.

93.Exit penalties are to be distinguished from other exit costs which have to be paid in any case and therefore always need to be included in the one-off costs.

94.The relevance of exit penalties depends on the holding period of the investment and the exact moment when the product is cashed in. Exit penalties are not relevant if the investment is kept for the recommended holding period.

ANNEX VII

PRESENTATION OF COSTS

The Reduction in Yield (RIY) shows what impact the total costs you pay will have on the investment return you might get. The total costs take into account one-off, ongoing and incidental costs.

The amounts shown here are the cumulative costs of the product itself, for three different holding periods. They include potential early exit penalties. The figures assume you invest [EUR 10 000 (OR EUR 1 000 each year for regular premium PRIIPs)]. The figures are estimates and may change in the future.

Table 1 Cost over time

The person selling you or advising you about this product may charge you other costs. If so, this person will provide you with information about these costs, and show you the impact that all costs will have on your investment over time.

Table 2 Composition of costs

The table below shows:

• the impact each year of the different types of costs on the investment return you might get at the end of the recommended holding period;
• the meaning of the different cost categories.

For PRIIPs offering a range of options for investment, PRIIP manufacturers shall use the table 1 and table 2 of this Annex for the presentation of the costs, showing for each of the figures in each table, as relevant, the range of the costs.